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[多项选择]糖皮质激素的药理作用包括
A. 抗炎作用
B. 抗毒作用
C. 抗休克作用
D. 退热作用
E. 免疫抑制作用
[单项选择]从历史上各民族的图腾崇拜来看,图腾是某种社会组织或个人的象征物。在此基础上形成的图腾制度,是规范人行为层次的社会组织系统。正如英国学者里弗斯所说,图腾制度是一种社会组织制度。拉德克利夫也认为图腾制度为有关社会提供了一种基本的组织原则。
图腾制度是图腾文化的一个方面,它不仅是一种社会组织制度,而且是最早的社会组织制度。
图腾产生之前的原始群尚处在自然状态中,各群体之间没有什么必然的联系,因此也就不可能有什么组织原则。图腾产生之后,每一个群体以一种图腾作为名称和标志,而且同一部落的各群体的图腾互相不重复。这是当时约定俗成的社会组织原则。法国学者倍松说,图腾制度“把各个‘个人’都区分属类,造成一种‘图腾的户籍制’,所以这种制度是一种真正的社会组织制度,而且以母亲的血缘关系的维持为基础”。所以,图腾制度可以说是最早的社会组织制度。
斯库耳克拉夫特用“图腾制度”来表示民族制度。对此,摩尔根认为:“倘若我们在拉丁语和希腊语中都找不到一个术语来表达这种历史上已经出现过的制度的一切特征和性质,那么,‘图腾制度’这一术语也是完全可以接受的,而且使用这个术语亦自有其便利之处。”在这里,斯库耳克拉夫特和摩尔根都认为图腾制度就是氏族组织制度。其实,两者之间是不能画等号的。图腾制度产生于氏族之前,而氏族形成后,继续沿用过去形成的图腾制度。所以在氏族社会,尤其是母系氏族社会,普遍实行图腾制度。
图腾制度有三个基本特征。第一,每一个社会组织都以图腾——动物、植物、无生命的自然物或自然现象——作为名称和标志。第二,同一部落的各个群体,图腾互相不重复。如印第安人波塔瓦塔米部落有十五个氏族,其图腾分别为十五种不同的动物。第三,同图腾者皆为亲属。根据图腾组织制度,一个部落内各群体的图腾各不相同,但不同部落的群体,图腾允许重复。在约四十个印第安部落中,以熊和狼为图腾的氏族分别有三十多个。这些部落不同而图腾相同的氏族,不管是否有血缘关系,彼此都视为亲属,认为同出于一个图腾祖先,相互间是兄弟姐妹之间的关系。我国白族虎氏族成员也认为同图腾者皆为亲属,如出门在外,虽素不相识,但只要是以虎为图腾的,便亲如兄弟,生死与共。
图腾制度在形成之后,随着图腾文化的发展而日臻完善,并随着图腾文化的衰亡而为其他社会组织制度所代替。
下列对图腾制度的解释,正确的一项是(
A. 作为一种社会组织制度,图腾制度产生于氏族制度之前,是当时用来规范人行为层次的社会组织系统
B. 每一个社会组织都以动物、植物、无生命的自然物等实物为图腾作为自己的名称和标志
C. 同一氏族的各个部落的图腾不能互相重复,是图腾制度约定俗成的社会组织原则
D. 部落不同而图腾相同的群体,同出于一个祖先,彼此都视为亲属,相互间是兄弟姐妹之间的关系
[多项选择]胃食管返流病的常见并发症有
A. 上消化道出血
B. 食管狭窄
C. 食管溃疡
D. Barret食管
E. 真菌性食管炎
[填空题]
A. I miss you, too B. It’s nice C. Oh, come on
D. for the world E. Sounds as if F. in the world
G. To tell you the truth H. I can’t wait
John: Hi, Kim. I haven’t seen you for ages. How are you
Kim: I’m fine, thanks. I moved house recently, so I’ve been very busy.
John: 56 you need a rest! Listen, I’m having a Halloween party on Saturday night. Would you like to come
Kim: It’s very good of you to ask me, but I’m too busy. I still have a lot to do in the house.
John: 57 ! Everybody needs a break now and then.
Kim: Yes, you are right. 58 , I’m getting a bit fed up with it! When does your party start
John: Around 8 o’clock in the evening.
Kim: Sounds great! 59 .
John: OK! I’ll see you on Saturday, then.
Kim: I wouldn’t miss it 60 .
60()
[多项选择]符合下运动神经元瘫痪的有
A. 瘫痪部位腱反射消失
B. 病变不一定在周围神经,也可能在中枢神经系统
C. 瘫痪范围局限于个别肌群
D. 伴发肌萎缩
E. 病理反射阳性
[单项选择]How Did She Conquer the Americans
African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world’s most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine. _________(46)
Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches.
The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings. _________(47)
"After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said.
Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style.
Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I’m in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and hi
A. In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act
B. She was not a very successful woman
C. She began broadcasting while still at high school
D. it placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week.
E. The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up
F. But it also looks at the celebrity’s presence on the Internet and in the media来
[填空题]
- A. the ability to work with others
- B. encouraging group members
- C. lack of good leaders
- D. bossing people around
- E. working out good strategies
- F. overcoming fears about being a leader
One of the major keys to success is ______.
[简答题]2006年1月1日,某企业以银行存款105000元购入面值为100000元、票面利率为12%、期限为五年的公司债券,准备持有至到期。该债券购入时实际利率为10.66%,每年付息、到期一次还本。第1年的利息调整数为807元,第5年的利息调整数为1218元。
要求:
编制2010年12月31日确认实际利息收入的会计分录;
[单项选择]
Healthy guilt is a warning signal that
either something dangerous is about to happen or something has already happened
that need (21) . A feeling of distress is good when it keeps
us from (22) our own values. It serves a useful function.
Here is a(n) (23) : If a fire broke out in someone’s home
(24) faulty wiring, he would not be content with (25)
putting out the fire. (26) , he would have the
house rewired. When we feel guilty about something, we have to make the
necessary changes in our character to prevent a (27)
. Unhealthy guilt is a distressful feeling which
occurs without reason or persists even after appropriate steps have been taken
to deal with a situation. A person with (28) self-esteem may
react to feelings of guilt, one of two ways: (29) that he has
done wrong in orde A. contact B. disagreement C. relationship D. concern
[单项选择]护理早产儿的首要措施是()。 A. 保暖,加强体温监测 B. 积极复温 C. 保暖 D. 维生素C E. 维生素K
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