试卷详情
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考博英语-641
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[简答题]
"The Child is Father of the Man," wrote the English poet William Wordsworth. (1)Adults today are as aware as Wordsworth of the importance of childhood experiences that a cherished and well-behaved child has a better chance of growing into a balanced , loving and law-abiding adult than an unloved one. The Children Act of 1989, created to give children much-needed protection against abuse, in the process legalized the ideology: the child comes first.
(2)But while the nurturing of self-esteem in children is now accepted as a requisite of their development, the social and economic demands on over-worked, harassed parents often prevent them from putting this theory into practice where it matters most—in the home. Indeed, much of the time it seems that parents themselves are suffering a crisis of self-esteem.
Reports show that teenagers are increasingly obese and slothful. They watch on average between four and six horns -
[单项选择]The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof Islands, and the Alaskan peninsula have possessed a written language since 1825, when the Russian missionary Ivan Venation selected appropriate characters of the Cyrillic alphabet to represent Aleut speech sounds, recorded the main body of Aleut vocabulary and formulated grammatical rules. The Czarist Russian conquest of the proud, independent sea hunters was so devastatingly thorough that tribal traditions, even tribal memories, were almost obliterated. The slaughter of the majority of an adult generation was sufficient to destroy the continuity of tribal knowledge, which was dependent upon oral transmission. As a consequence, the Aleuts developed a fanatical devotion to their language as their only cultural heritage.
The Russian occupation placed a heavy linguistic burden on the Aleuts. Not only were they compelled to learn Russian to converse with their overseers and governors, but they had to learn Old
A. United States government attempts to persuade the Aleuts to use English as a second language
B. Russian and United States treatment of Alaskan inhabitants both before and after 1867
C. how the Czarist Russian occupation of Alaska created a written language for the Aleuts
D. the Aleuts’ loyalty to their language and American failure to understand it
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[单项选择]Among the first to come and live in North America (), who later prospered mainly in New England.
A. had been Dutch settlers
B. Dutch settlers were there
C. were Dutch settlers
D. Dutch settlers had been there
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[单项选择]As it turned out to be a small house party, we()so formally.
A. need not have dressed up
B. must not have dressed up
C. id not need to dress up
D. must not dress up
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[单项选择]The psychologist Edwin G. Boring preferred "current of belief" as the English expression for the German word Zeitgeist, used by Goethe in 1827 to describe what comes together in the minds of many "neither by agreement nor by self-determined under the multiplicity of climates of opinion." That current runs above the multiple conversations conducted about how to interpret the past, how to assess the present, and how to predict and prepare for the future. For more than a century, social science has participated in all of these conversations, informing the climates of opinion that shape society, culture, and politics.
Writing on the relationship between public opinion and ’representative government, the historian Lewis Namier asked, "Where is it to be found And how is it to be ascertained How many people hold clear articulate views even about the most important national concerns And if their views are original and well-grounded, what chance is there of their being representative" Soci
A. The Representatives of Government
B. Social Science and Public Opinion
C. Social Science that Shape Society, Culture, and Politics
D. Social-scientific understanding and Political Liberalism
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[单项选择]
At no time in history has there been such a mass movement of people from countryside to city as is happening now. By the year 2030, it’ s estimated that more than two thirds of the word’ s population will be living in cities, twice as many as today. This means that the problems faced by cities to day-overcrowding, poor housing, unemployment, poverty, and lack of food water--will be twice as had in the next century, unless we find solutions soon.
Another serious issue is how to provide good transport to their citizens. Many world’ s major cities are already struggling with out-of-date transport infrastructures. How can they deal with the additional demands in the 21stcentury
London is a good example. It was the world’ s first big city--the first with a population of a mil lion people. Its enlargement was made possible by the invention of the steam engine, which powered the world’s first underground railway. But its transport
A. overpopulation causes the problems in cities
B. two-thirds of the world’ s population are living in cities today
C. it isn’ t difficult to solve the problems faced by cities today
D. with fewer people, we would be free from any problems -
[单项选择]How can I ever concentrate if you()continually()me with silly questions
A. have, interupted
B. had, interrupted
C. are, interrupting
D. were, interrupted
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[单项选择]
Lobbying groups often try to disguise a financial self-interest by clumsily dressing up their arguments in the guise of concern for the public. You see this tendency in the pharmaceutical industry (21) in energy and lumber companies who like to tout their (22) of the environment. But (23) , two new books argue, are these tactics more (24) a cause for concern than in agribusiness.
Marion Nestle’s "Food Safety: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bio-terrorism’ looks at the way the American meat and biotechnology industries have (25) successfully on Capitol Hill (26) stricter federal regulation, which the author argues has undermined the safety of the food supply.
(27) , Maxime Schwartz’s "How the Cows Turned Mad" (28) the origins of mad-cow disease over more than two centuries, and reveals the fallout from the British government’s blind (29) that the disease could not be (30)
A. would have had
B. would have
C. may have
D. will have -
[单项选择]
To their great surprise, they found the floodwater had damaged the building’s foundation()
A. underlain
B. underlined
C. undertaken
D. undermined
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[单项选择]()a ticket for the match, he can now only watch it on TV at home.
A. Obtaining not
B. Not obtaining
C. Not having obtained
D. Not obtained
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[单项选择]His theories were so ______ that few could see what he was trying to establish.
A. logical
B. scholarly
C. theoretical
D. vague
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[单项选择]
Ask an American schoolchild what he or she is learning in school these days and you might even get a reply, provided you ask it in Spanish. But don’t bother, here’s the answer: Americans nowadays are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like reading and writing. Apparently these are considered fusty old subjects, invented by white males to oppress women and minorities.
What are they learning In a Vermont college town I found the answer sitting in a toy store book rack, next to typical kids’ books like "Heather Has Two Mommies and Daddy is ’Dysfunctional’". It’s a teacher’s guide called "Happy To Be Me", subtitled "Building Soft-Esteem". Serf-esteem as it turns out, is a big subject in American classrooms. Many American schools see building it as important as teaching reading and writing. They call it "whole language" teaching, borrowing terminology from the granola peop
A. the writer is using direct speech
B. the writer is questioning the education concept
C. the words quoted have been extracted from a translation
D. the writer is quoting from another source -
[单项选择]
Forty years ago no one was concerned about the health of the ocean, in spite of the fact that many fisheries were being over harvested, toxic wastes were being dumped in the sea, and developers were beginning to seriously disrupt coastlines. In those days, the magnitude of the problems was small, even though it was obvious that if the trends continued people would face severe economic and personal hardship in the future. People just didn’t understand, nor did they care. Unfortunately many of our concerns were realized, but the situation could have been much worse had we, and others, not taken action to inform people about the ocean and the need to protect it.
During our campaign to share the wonders of the sea and alert the public about the need to protect it, we have used every medium available——personal appearances, the printed word, and television. Now there is a new medium that is even more effective than its predecessors. Thanks to the Internet and
A. the ocean was immune to any pollution then
B. they didn’t know what would come of if the ocean was deadly disrupted
C. there was no computer then
D. there wasn’t any problem with ocean at that time -
[单项选择]"Our life is ______ away by detail. Simplify, simplify. " That dictum of Henry David Thoreau’s, echoing from the days of steamboats and ox-drawn plows, had long haunted me.
A. frittered
B. quenched
C. reproached
D. scouted
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[单项选择]
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry or decorum. Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The decorum was the wife’ s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’ s property. The wife had the right to withhold con sent, in all transactions the husband would make. And more than just a right: the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband: In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her husband’ s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried t
A. No, under no circumstances
B. Yes, whenever he wished to
C. Yes, if his father-in-law agreed
D. Yes, if she agreed -
[简答题]
Title: The Future Prosperity of Our Country and the Peasant Problem
Outline: A. The encouraging economic situation of our country and the low-income level of our peasants
B. The core of our peasant problem and the way-out for our peasants
C. Measures to be taken to speed up the reform in our countryside to increase the income of our peasants
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[单项选择]Although the end of the term was close (), Jim had not completed all of the projects he had hoped to finish.
A. on hand
B. by hand
C. at hand
D. in hand
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[单项选择]The victims of drunken driving in America over the past decade ()an incredible 250, 000, with three killed every hour of every day on average.
A. take up
B. add up to
C. count for
D. turn out to
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[单项选择]
The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became (1) in a variety of aerobic activities, and (2) thousands of health spas (3) around the country to capitalize on this (4) interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed (5) to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their (6) was not on aerobics, (7) on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, (8) , and endurance in their primarily male (9) . These fitness spas did not seem to benefit (10) from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs (11) few, if (12) , health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly (13) for ma
A. performance
B. harassment
C. identification
D. portrayal -
[单项选择]Many of the students have a grasp of the main structures, a reasonable vocabulary and a(n)()idea of how to pronounce most words they come across.
A. faint
B. vague
C. obscure
D. rough