试卷详情
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职称英语(理工类)50
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[单项选择] Interferon
For several years, scientists have been testing a substance called interferon (干扰素),a potential wonder drug that is proving to be effective in treating a variety of ailments, including virus infections, bacteria infections, and tumors. To date, the new drug has provoked no negative reaction of sufficient significance to discourage its use. But in spite of its success, last year only one gram was produced in the entire world.
The reason for the scarcity lies in the structure of interferon. A species specific protein, the interferon produced from one animal species cannot be used in treating another animal species. In other words, to treat human beings, only interferon produced by human beings may be used. The drug is produced by infecting white blood cells with a virus. Fortunately, it is so potent that the amount given each patient per injection is very small.
Unlike antibiotics(抗菌素), interferon does not attack germs directly
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not Mentioned
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[单项选择]John has always remained (loyal) to his family and friends.
A. friendly
B. faithful
C. hostile
D. kind
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[单项选择]Optimistic Prognosis
Most doctors are too optimistic in predicting how long dying patients have to live, and this has a negative effect on the care they receive in their final days, American researchers said Friday.
A study by scientists at the University of Chicago Medical Center in Illinois showed that of the survival estimates for 486 terminally ill patients given by 343 doctors, _________(46).
_________ (47). And in some cases doctors predicted patients had five time longer to live than proved to be the case.
"Doctors are inaccurate in their prognoses (预后) for terminally ill patients and the error is systematically optimistic," professor Nicholas Christakis and Dr Elizabeth Lamont said in a report in The British Medical Journal.
The researchers added that doctors who knew their patients best were more likely to get it wrong.
"_________(48) ,the type of systematic bias toward optimism that we have found in doctors’ objective prognostic assessments may b
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[单项选择]The farmers worried about the (lack) of rain.
A. shortage
B. drift
C. woe
D. burden
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[单项选择]We can rely on James to carry out this mission for his judgement is always (sound).
A. healthy
B. unmistakable
C. reliable
D. unquestionable
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[单项选择]The policeman (cautioned) us about the icy roads after the heavy snowfall last night.
A. informed
B. remind
C. described
D. alerted
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[单项选择]Please (check) your bill before you leave the shop and make sure that it is correct.
A. pay off
B. go over
C. look up
D. find out
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[单项选择]Color changes in chameleons (seem) to be caused by environmental temperature as well as by other external stimuli.
A. have
B. appear
C. ought
D. used
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[单项选择] The Gene Industry
Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls "metal—hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water". They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms.
Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of "microbe spills" that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination
A. using metal-hungry microbes .
B. making use of enzymes.
C. adjusting the engine.
D. patenting new life forms.
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[单项选择]The boss put great (stress) on the workers so that they could work harder.
A. anger
B. control
C. pressure
D. nerve
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[单项选择]Navajo Indians create sand paintings by arranging grains of sand, ground-up minerals, and seeds of various colors into (designs).
A. maps
B. rituals
C. patterns
D. rows
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[单项选择]Hints for Reading Practice
1. Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some specific regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always made it a rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p. m. or 2. 30 a. m. made no difference.
2. Nearly all "Speed Reading" courses have a "pacing"——some timing device which lets the students
know how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached.
3. Obviously there is little point in increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, re-read the section or chapter.
4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not
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[单项选择] Natural Health Care
Natural health care is a philosophy and a set of principles and practices based on science that lead to an extraordinary level of personal health and happiness.
It recognizes the unity of all life and holds that physical, mental, and emotional health cannot be separated, and that personal health, environmental health, and community health are parts of a whole. Natural hygiene (卫生学) teaches that the best way to achieve best health is right living—developing self-esteem and a positive attitude towards life; eating fresh, whole natural foods; exercising regularly; getting plenty of rest and sleep; getting plenty of fresh air and sunshine; learning to handle stress; and avoiding all negative influences of life.
Basic principles: Natural health care is unique in its argument that health is normal—as simple as living in harmony with nature. Health and disease are a continuum (连续统一体)—the same physiological (生理的) laws govern the b
A. closely linked
B. completely unrelated
C. pretty much the same
D. quite unimportant
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[单项选择]If the population keeps on growing, there will eventually not be enough resources left to (support) life on the earth.
A. detain
B. continue
C. contain
D. maintain
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[单项选择]The price is (somewhat) higher than I expected.
A. to some degree
B. at some time
C. in some cases
D. for some reason
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[单项选择]Please let me know if any problems (arise).
A. become
B. occur
C. come
D. find
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[单项选择]Being colleagues for ten years, they have become (intimate) friends.
A. close
B. new
C. kind
D. closely
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[单项选择] Male and Female pilots cause accidents differently
Male pilots flying general aviation(private)aircraft in the United States are more likely to crash due to inattention or flawed decision, making, while female pilots are more likely to crash from mishandling the aircraft. These are the results of a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.
The study identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms of circumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. "Crashes of general aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in the United States. The crash rate for male pilots, as for motor vehicle drivers, exceeds that of crashes of female pilots," explains Susan P. Baker, MPH, professor of health policy and management at the Bloomberg School of Public Health. "Because pilot youth and inexperience are established, contributors to aviation crashes, we focused on only matu
A. Causes of aircraft crash.
B. Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.
C. Causes of mishandling aircraft.
D. Gender discrimination in general aviation in the United States.
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[单项选择]In Tom’’s eyes, the restaurant at the corner of the street is a very (smart) one.
A. clever
B. elegant
C. loyal
D. brave
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[单项选择]His pronunciation is (simply) terrible.
A. merely
B. only
C. completely
D. partly
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[单项选择]I don’t see how Jack (put up with) his wife.
A. tolerate
B. accept
C. leave
D. receive
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[单项选择] New Technique Promises Earlier Cancer Detection
A new technique could revolutionize the early detection of cancer, giving sufferers a greater chance of beating the disease, American scientists said. Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have devised a novel method of 【51】 changes in the nucleus of cells in the earliest stages of the disease." More than 85 percent of all cancers originate in the epithelium (上皮) that lines the internal surfaces of organs 【52】 the body. Although these are treatable 【53】 they are diagnosed in one of the preventable stages, early body damages are almost 【54】 to detect," said scientist Feld. " We present a new optical-probe (光学探子) technique based on light-scattering spectroscopy (分光镜检查) that is able 【55】 detect precancerous and early cancerous cells in cell-rich epithelia," he added in a statement.
The new technique relies on the fact 【56】 cell nuclei change in the early stages of cancer and the differences scatte
A. stopping
B. accelerating
C. delaying
D. detecting