试卷详情
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考博英语-276
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[单项选择]Many theories have been ______ as to why some women suffer from depression.
A. referred to
B. put forward
C. rest assured
D. left out
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[单项选择]Upton Sinclair, an American writer of the 20th century, showed his ______ genius for recreating social history in his novels.
A. original
B. particular
C. unique
D. uncommon
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[单项选择]Two techniques have recently been developed to simplify research and reduce the number of nonhuman primates needed in studies of certain complex hormonal reactions. One technique involves the culturing of primate pituitary cells and the cells of certain human turnouts. In the other, animal oviduct tissue is transplanted under the skin of laboratory primates. Both culturing techniques complement existing methods of studying intact animals.
With an in vitro culturing technique, researchers are deciphering how biochemical agents regulate the secretion of prolactin, the pituitary hormone that promotes milk production. The cultured cells survive for as long as a month, and they do not require serum, a commonly used culture ingredient that can influence cellular function and confound study results. One primate pituitary gland may yield enough cells for as many as 72 culture dishes, which otherwise would require as many animals.
The other technique allows scientists to monitor cellu
A. reproductive organs of nonhuman primates
B. diseases of the pituitary glands
C. in vitro studies of pituitary hormones
D. techniques for studying hormonal reactions
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[单项选择]We are hoping for a large sale of our new products because the new car design ______ all the latest safety features.
A. illuminates
B. scrutinizes
C. simulates
D. incorporates
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[单项选择]The chair was a movable wonder, he loved the feeling of power and strength it gave him for so little ______.
A. efforts
B. challenge
C. exchange
D. exertion
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[多项选择]Directions: In this part, you are required to write a composition entitled On Noise Pollution in no less than 200 words. Your composition should be based on the following outline:
1. The harmfulness of noise pollution and its source.
2. What measures have been taken by our government to stop noise pollution
3. Your suggestions as to how to control noise pollution.
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[单项选择]The building will be ______ within the next two months.
A. irritated
B. demolished
C. distracted
D. banished
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[单项选择]He felt that the office routine was too ______ for a man of his dreams.
A. rigorous
B. stimulating
C. prosaic
D. exacting
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[单项选择]The liberal view of democratic citizenship that developed in the 17th and 18th centuries was fundamentally different from that of the classical Greeks. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligations and involvement in the collective community that were emphasized by the Greeks. Freedom was to be realized by limiting the scope of governmental activity and political obligation and not through immersion in the collective life of the polis. The basic role of the citizen was to select governmental leaders and keep the powers and scope of public authority in check. On the liberal view, the. rights of citizens against the state were the focus of special emphasis.
Over time, the liberal democratic notion of citizenship developed in two directions. First, there was a movement to increase the proportion of members of society who were eligible to participate as ci
A. study ancient concepts of citizenship
B. contrast different notions of citizenship
C. criticize modern libertarian democracy
D. describe the importance of universal suffrage
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[填空题]"Intercultural communication" is communication (51) members of different cultures. This definition is simple, (52) the process is complex. Intercultural communication involves differing perceptions, attitudes and interpretations. We know that even two people from the same (53) can have communication problems. People can unintentionally hurt each other by something they say or (54) . Isn’t it logical, then, that communication problem can be (55) among people who do not have the benefit of shared experiences (i. e. , language and culture) 9. Cultures do not communicate; individuals (56) . Everyone has a unique style of communication, but cultures determine a general style for their members. The (57) of individual to his culture is (58) to an actor and his director. The actor puts his own personality into his acting but is nevertheless influenced by the director. We are not always aware of the subtle influences of our culture. (59
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[单项选择]His ______ personality, rather than his good looks, made him popular with others.
A. enlisting
B. enduring
C. engaging
D. enhancing
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[单项选择]Not only the ______ are fooled by propaganda; we can all be misled if we are not wary.
A. ignorant
B. gullible
C. uncultured
D. rude
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[单项选择]Concern over the economic situation was ______ in the government budget.
A. devoted to
B. reflected on
C. laid to rest
D. confronted with
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[单项选择]You should fill in the application form ______ before you send it back to the university.
A. regularly
B. comprehensively
C. properly
D. eventually
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[单项选择]Running can strengthen your heart and muscles, but ,it can damage your knee joints and the bones in your feet.
A. previously
B. formerly
C. conversely
D. literally
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[单项选择]Most visitors to that peninsula find the breathtaking scenery, which features the sea and rocks, a great ______.
A. threat
B. thrill
C. thriving
D. thrift
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[单项选择]It took him a lot of imagination to come up with such an ______ plan, a man with less intelligence wouldn't have done so.
A. artful
B. inevitable
C. optimistic
D. ingenious
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[单项选择]Restaurants ______ from very luxurious to very simple, with the prices of the former being much higher.
A. range
B. divert
C. differ
D. alternate
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[单项选择]The Aleuts, residing on several islands of the Aleutian Chain, the Pribilof islands, and the Alaskan Peninsula, have possessed a written language since 1825, when the Russian missionary Ivan Veniaminov selected appropriate characters of the Cyrillic alphabet to represent Aleut speech sounds, recorded the main body of Aleut vocabulary, and formulated grammatical rules. The Czarist Russian conquest of the proud, independent sea hunters was so devastatingly thorough that tribal traditions, even tribal memories, were almost obliterated. The slaughter of the majority of an adult generation was sufficient to destroy the continuity of tribal knowledge, which was dependent upon oral transmission. As a consequence, the Aleuts developed a fanatical devotion to their language as their only cultural heritage.
The Russian occupation placed a heavy linguistic burden on the Aleuts. Not only were they compelled to learn Russian to converse with their overseers and governors, but they had to learn
A. the Aleuts’ loyalty to their language and American failure to understand it
B. Russian and United States treatment of Alaskan inhabitants both before and after 1867
C. how the Czarist Russian occupation of Alaska created a written language for the Aleuts
D. United States government attempts to persuade the Aleuts to use English as a second language
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[单项选择]Some countries love to ______ their own ideas on others.
A. impose
B. force
C. put
D. emphasize
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[简答题]71.As a romantic teenager, I believed that my future life as a scientist would be justified if I could discover a single new fact and add a brick to the bright temple of human knowledge. The conviction was noble enough; the metaphor was simply silly. Yet that metaphor still governs the attitude of many scientists toward their subject.
72.In the conventional model of scientific "progress ", we begin in superstitious ignorance and move toward final truth by the successive accumulation of facts. In this smug perspective, the history of science contains little more than anecdotal interest--for it can only chronicle past errors and credit the bricklayers for discerning glimpses of final truth. It is as transparent- a.s an old-fashioned melodrama: truth (as we perceive it today) is the only arbiter and the world of past scientists is divided into good guys who were right and bad guys who were wrong.
73. Historians of science have utterly discredited this mode
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[单项选择]To what ______ do Thomas Jefferson and Abraham Lincoln belong
A. category
B. way
C. order
D. strategy
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[单项选择]During their first teacher-training year, the students often visited local schools for the ______ of lessons.
A. investigation
B. observation
C. inspection
D. examination
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[多项选择]尽管广告十分诱人,但所谓的“焦油和尼古丁含量低的香烟”同其他香烟一样不安全。根据联邦贸易委员会的报道,焦油和尼古丁的含量似乎比较低,其原因是联邦贸易委员会用吸烟机而不用人来决定焦油和尼古丁的含量。但人们不像吸烟机那样吸烟。
通过研究吸烟者的血样,并未发现各种品牌的吸烟者的血样有很大的差异,也没有发现吸入的尼古丁和所抽的任何品牌的香烟的数量有直接的联系。
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[单项选择]She watched him ______ all the handles and gears in his automobile until she thought she could run it herself.
A. manipulate
B. use
C. control
D. dominate
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[单项选择]Nowadays, in the labor market, more ______ graduates, who can use the computer, communicate in English and give specialized knowledge, are welcome.
A. sophisticated
B. productive
C. flexible
D. versatile
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[单项选择]The conversation was so interesting that we were ______ of the lateness of the hour.
A. generous
B. credulous
C. gorgeous
D. oblivious
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[单项选择]You might as well give in, because your position is ______.
A. infallible
B. intangible
C. untenable
D. immoral
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[单项选择]To what extent will future scientific discoveries make possible the ______ of human life span
A. increase
B. expansion
C. growth
D. prolongation
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[单项选择]In order to win stronger support, the candidate claimed that the new law would allow more women and disabled people to enter the ______ of American life.
A. society
B. artery
C. mainstream
D. center
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[单项选择]The commission presented its report in January and this was broadly ______ in July of that year.
A. encased
B. encored
C. endued
D. endorsed
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[单项选择]Psychologists agree that human beings have a strong need to ______ their time; having too much idle time can be as stressful as having none at all.
A. threaten
B. annihilate
C. structure
D. punctuate
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[单项选择]The jury returned a(n) ______ of "not guilty".
A. sentence
B. charge
C. evidence
D. verdict
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[单项选择]The flowers in the vase ______ because they had no water.
A. ripened
B. withered
C. decreased
D. shriveled
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[单项选择]I hope their plan will work, but they themselves are very ______ that it will.
A. tentative
B. suspicious
C. confident
D. zealous
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[单项选择]The task won't feel so ______ if you break it down into small, easy-to-accomplish steps.
A. confusing
B. sobering
C. overpowering
D. exciting
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[单项选择]Some journalist had written a(n) ______ about him in which some of the facts were untrue.
A. outlook
B. profile
C. appearance
D. performance
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[单项选择]To broaden their voting appeal in the Presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading South Carolinian, as running mate for the New Englander John Adams. But Pinckney’s Southern friends chose to ignore their party’s intentions and regarded Pinckney as a Presidential candidate, creating a political situation that Alexander Hamilton was determined to exploit. Hamilton had long been wary of Adams’ stubbornly independent brand of politics and preferred to see his running mate, over whom he could exert more control, in the President’s chair.
The election was held under the system originally established by the Constitution. At that time there was but a single tally, with the candidate receiving the largest number of electoral votes declared President and the candidate with the second largest number declared Vice President. Hamilton anticipated that all the Federalists in the North would vote for Adams and Pinckney equally in an attempt to ensure that J
A. propose reforms of the procedures for electing the President and Vice-President
B. condemn Alexander Hamilton for interfering in the election of 1796
C. describe the political events that lead to John Adams’ victory in the 1796 Presidential election
D. contrast the political philosophy of the Federalists to that of Thomas Jefferson