试卷详情
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考研英语-643
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[简答题]
Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. 46) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. 47) The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because. the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It dose not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. 48) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundr
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Text 1
Say the word bacteria, and most folks conjure up images of a nasty germ like staphylococcus or salmonella that can make you really sick. But most bacteria aren’t bad for you. In fact, consuming extra amounts of some bacteria can actually promote good health. These beneficial bacteria are available without a prescription in drug and health-food stores and in foods like yogurt. So far, the best results have been seen in the treatment of diarrhea, particularly in children. But re searchers are also looking into the possibility that beneficial bacteria may thwart vaginal infections in women, prevent some food allergies in children and lessen symptoms of Crohn’s disease, a relatively rare but painful gastrointestinal disorder.
So where have these good germs been lurking all your life In your intestines, especially the lower section called the colon, which harbors at least 400 species of bacteria. Which ones you have depends largely on your env
A. tractable
B. dauntless
C. heroic
D. appealing -
[单项选择]
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases (1) trial of Rosemary West. In a significant (2) of legal controls over the press. Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a (3) bill that will propose making payments to witnesses (4) and will strictly control the amount of (5) that can be given to a case (6) a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of commons media select committee. Lord Irvine said he (7) with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not (8) sufficient control. (9) of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a (10) of media protest when he said the (11) of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges (12) to Parliament.
The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which (13) the Europ
A. authorized
B. credited
C. entitled
D. qualified -
[填空题]
From the seventeenth century Empire of Sweden, the story of a galleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must be one of the strangest tales of the sea. For nearly three and a half centuries she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbor until her discovery in 1956. 41) ________________.
42) ________________.Triple gun decks mounted sixty four bronze cannon. She was intended to play a leading role in the growing might of Swden.
As she was prepared for her maiden voyage on August 10, 1628, Stockholm was in ferment. From the Skeppsbron and surrounding islands the people watched this thing of beauty began to spread her sails and catches the wind. They had la bored for three years to produce this floating work of art; she was more richly carved and ornamented than any previous ship. The high stern castle was a riot of carved gods, demons, knights, kings, warriors, mermaids, cherubs; and zoomorphic animal shapes ablaze with red and gold and blue, symbols of -
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Text 3
When the first white men arrived in Samoa, they found blind men, who could see well enough to describe things in detail just by holding their hands over objects. In France, Jules Roman tested hundreds of blind people and found a few who could tell the difference between light and dark. He narrowed their photosensitivity(感光灵敏度) down to areas on the nose or in the finger tips. In 1960 a medical board examined a girl in Virginia and found that, even with thick bandages over her eyes, she was able to distinguish different colours and read short sections of large print.
Rosa Kuleshova, a young woman in the Urals, can see with her fingers. She is not blind, but because she grew up in a family of blind people, she learned to read Braille to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands. She was examined by the Soviet Academy of Science, and proved to be genuine, Shaefer made an intensive study with her and found that, securel
A. To prevent Rosa from feeling the print.
B. To stop the reflection of heat.
C. To make things as difficult as possible.
D. To stop her from cheating. -
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Text 4
The U.S. government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help discover the answer to these two questions:
1. Can we predict earthquakes
2. Can we control earthquakes
To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earth’s surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur.
Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes accurately and the control of earthquakes is even farther away.
Nevertheless
A. They have no practical value in earthquake prevention.
B. They may have practical value in earthquake prevention.
C. They are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.
D. The article does not say anything about their practical value in earthquake prevention. -
[简答题]You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. Do not sign your own name at the letter. You do not need to write the address.
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Text 2
A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not.
Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seen is to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of chi
A. repeated without variation
B. treated with reverence
C. adapted by the parent
D. set in the present