试卷详情
-
考研英语-472
-
[简答题]You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
-
[单项选择]
When lab rats sleep, their brains revisit the maze they navigated during the day, according to a new study (1) yesterday, offering some of the strongest evidence (2) that animals do indeed dream. Experiments with sleeping rats found that cells in the animals’ brains fire in a distinctive pat tern (3) the pattern that occurs when they are (4) and trying to learn their way around a maze.
Based on the results, the researchers concluded the rats were dreaming about the maze, (5) re viewing what they had learned while awake to (6) the memories.
Researchers have long known that animals go (7) the same types of sleep phases that people do, including rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, which is when people dream. But (8) the occasional twitching, growling or barking that any dog owner has (9) in his or her sleeping pet, there’s been (10) direct evidence that animals (11) . If animals drea
A. did
B. does
C. would
D. will -
[简答题]
Everyone must have had at least one personal experience with a computer error by this time. Bank balances are suddenly reported to have jumped from 379 into the millions, appeals for charitable contributions are mailed over and over to people with crazy-sounding names at your address, department stores send the wrong bills, utility companies write that they’re turning everything off, that sort of thing. 46) If you manage to get in touch with someone and complain, you then get instantaneously typed, guilty letters from the same computer, saying, "Our computer was in error, and an adjustment is being made in your account."
These are supposed to be the sheerest, blindest accidents. Mistakes are not believed to be part of the normal behavior of a good machine. If things go wrong, it must be a personal, human error, the result of fingering, tampering, a button getting stuck, someone hitting the wrong key. The computer, at its normal best, is infallible.< -
[单项选择]
Text 4
We assumed ethics needed the seal of certainty, else it was non-rational. And certainty was to be produced by a deductive model: the correct actions were derivable from classical first principles or a hierarchical ranked pantheon of principles. This model, though, is bankrupt.
I suggest we think of ethics as analogous to language usage. There are no univocal rules of gram mar and style which uniquely determine the best sentence for a particular situation. Nor is language usage universalizable. Although a sentence or phrase is warranted in one case, it does not mean it is automatically appropriate in like circumstances. Nonetheless, language usage is not subjective.
This should not surprise us in the least. All ’intellectual pursuits are relativistic in just these senses. Political science, psychology, chemistry, and physics are not certain, but they are not subjective either. As I see it, ethical inquiry proceed like this: we are taught
A. can only be acquired after suffering loss.
B. often generates unacceptable consequences.
C. is cultivated and developed with personal growth.
D. is too abstract to be of any practical value. -
[单项选择]
Text 2
We know today that the traditions of tribal art are more complex and less "primitive" than its discoverers believed; we have even seen that the imitation of nature is by no means excluded from its aims. But the style of these ritualistic objects could still serve as a common focus for that search for expressiveness, structure, and simplicity that the new movements had inherited from the experiments of the three lonely rebels: Van Gogh, Cezanne, and Gauguin.
The experiments of Expressionism are, perhaps, the easiest to explain in words. The term itself may not be happily chosen, for we know that we are all expressing ourselves in everything we do or leave undone, but the word became a convenient label because of its easily remembered contrast to Impressionism, and as a label it is quite useful. In one of his letters, Van Gogh had explained how he set about painting the portrait of a friend who was very dear to him. The conventional likeness
A. afford evidence of the origin of Expressionism.
B. solve the mystery of Van Gogh's drawings.
C. show the difference between Van Gogh and a cartoonist.
D. exhibit the unique feature of the Expressionists' art. -
[单项选择]
Text 3
Research is commonly divided into "applied" and "pure". This classification is arbitrary and loose, but what is usually meant is that applied research is a deliberate investigation of a problem of practical importance, in contradistinction to pure research done to gain knowledge for its own sake. The pure scientist may be said to accept as an act of faith that any scientific knowledge is worth pursuing for its own sake, and, if pressed, he usually claims that in most instances it is eventually found to be useful. Most of the greatest discoveries, such as the discovery of electricity, X-rays, radium and atomic energy, originated from pure research, which allows the worker to follow unexpected, interesting clues without the intention of achieving results of practical value. In applied research it is the project which is given support, whereas in pure research it is the man. However, often the distinction between pure and applied research is
A. the investigation of the life cycle of a protozoon is pure research.
B. applied investigation is looked down upon in modern society.
C. the discovery of X-rays was made in applied research.
D. the common classification of research is neither accurate nor impersonal. -
[填空题]
Whether you recently moved into a new home or you’ve just got the gardening itch, planning a new garden can be a great deal of fun. The opportunity to act as creator can be very appealing. But anyone who has gardened for long has learned the necessity of accommodating nature and has developed a sense of humility in the process.
(41) Weather matters
The first thing to determine is what will grow in the spot available for your garden. This is where many gardeners make their first mistake. Too often plants are purchased before thought has been given to the conditions under which they will have to grow. One of chief factors determining what will grow in a particular spot is the weather conditions the plants will be subjected to.
(42) Lay of the land
Next, you will need to determine what type of soil you’ll be working with. The three main constituents of soil are sand, silt and clay. Silt particles are of intermediate size. An -
[单项选择]
Text 1
Car makers have long used sex to sell their products. Recently, how. ever, both BMW and Renault have based their latest European marketing campaigns around the icon of modern biology.
BMW’s campaign, which launches its new 3-series sports saloon in Britain and Ireland, shows the new creation and four of its earlier versions zigzagging around a landscape made up of giant DNA sequences, with a brief explanation that DNA is the molecule responsible for the inheritance of such features as strength, power and intelligence. The Renault offering, which promotes its existing Laguna model, employs evolutionary theory even more explicitly. The company’s television commercials intersperse clips of the car with scenes from a lecture by Steve Jones, a professor of genetics at University of London.
BMW’s campaign is intended to convey the idea of development allied to heritage. The latest product, in other words, should be viewed as the n
A. poverty,
B. extinction.
C. revolution.
D. evolution.