TEXT D
Temporary Employment
Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980’s to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups, such as firsttime or reentering workers, who supposedly prefer such arrangements. However, statistical analyses reveal that demo-graphic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead, these analyses suggest that factors ’affecting employers account for the rise in temporary employment. One factor is product demand: temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another factor is labor’s reduced bargaining strength, which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that growth in temporary employ
A. encouraging equitable pay for temporary and permanent employees
B. getting firms to offer temporary employment primarily to a certain group of people
C. ensuring that temporary workers obtain benefits from their employers
D. faciliating the organization of temporary workers by labor unions
Passage Two Men have traveled ever since they first appeared on the earth. In primitive times they did not travel for pleasure but to find new places where their herds could feed, or to escape from hostile neighbors, or to find more favorable climates. They traveled on foot. Their journeys were tong, tiring, and often dangerous. They protected themselves with simple weapons, such as wooden sticks or stone clubs, and by lighting fires at night and, above all, by keeping together. Being intelligent and creative, they soon discovered easier ways of traveling. They rode on the backs of their domesticated animals; they hollowed Out tree trunks and,’ by using bits of wood as paddles, were able to travel across water. Later they traveled, not from necessity, but for the joy and excitement of seeing and experiencing new things, This is still the main reason why we travel today. Traveling, of course, has now become a highly organized business. There are cars and splendid road
A. so we can travel anywhere without difficulty
B. because we are provided with all kinds of convenient means for traveling
C. because traveling organizations can be found in the countries the world over
D. so travelers have increased rapidly
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