[单项选择]Specialization is encouraged because______
A. people can use their money to buy whatever they want
B. people do not need to make a complete product for exchange
C. people make a great contribution to the manufacture of a product
D. people cannot use their money to buy whatever they want

[单项选择]Specialization is encouraged because _________.
A. people can use their money to buy whatever they want
B. people do not need to make a complete product for exchange
C. people make a great contribution to the manufacture of a product
D. people cannot use their money to buy whatever they want

[单项选择]According to the passage, the specialization of art and theory has tended to
A. (A) reduce the level of control artists have over artistic institutions
B. (B) increase the usefulness of creating a unifying artistic vocabulary
C. (C) permit a greater level of development of knowledge concerning both
D. (D) curtail interactions and establish false boundaries between the two fields
E. (E) complicate the educational process of artists in an unfortunate manner

[单项选择]

Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.
No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in salience: exceptions can be found to any role. Nevertheless, the word amateur does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in
A. there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisation
B. amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science
C. professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community
D. amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones

[单项选择]The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as______.
A. sociology and linguistics
B. linguistics and psychology
C. literature and psychology
D. physics and chemistry

[单项选择]The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to ______.
A. reduce their scale of production
B. make full use of their land
C. adjust the prices of their farm products
D. be self-sufficient in agricultural production

[单项选择]The direct reason for specialization is ______.
A. the development in communication
B. the growth of professionalisation
C. the expansion of scientific knowledge
D. the splitting up of academic societies