Passage Two
American has long been considered the land of opportunity by those from other countries. Americans, too, believe that the United States provides almost limifiess opportunity for those who want to open businesses on their own.
Today, Americans are still fond of trying their hand at becoming small business people, even though only one out of two survives the first two years. Many of these people start their businesses for the wrong reasons: to get away from the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobs for freer life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of a small business. John Shuttleworth, owner of the recently successful life-ecology news magazine Mother Earth, reports having had to work sixty hours straight in order to bring out the first issue.
John Shuttleworth waited years after conceiving the idea for Mother Earth before he attempted to put out
A. continuously
B. honestly
C. alone
D. not curved
Passage Six
Economics has long been known as the dismal science. But is any economist so dreary as to criticize Christmas At first glance, the holiday season in western economies seems a treat for those concerned with such vagaries as GDP growth. After all, everyone is spending; in America, retailers make 25% of their yearly sales and 60% of their profits between Thanksgiving and Christmas. Even so, economists find something to worry about in the nature of the purchases being made.
Much of the holiday spending is on gifts for others. At the simplest level, giving gifts involves the giver thinking of something that the recipient would like—he tries to guess her preferences, as economists say—and then buying the gift and delivering it. Yet this guessing of preferences is no mean feat; indeed, it is often done badly. Every year, ties go unworn and books unread. And even if a gift is enjoyed, it may not be what the recipient would have bought had th
A. prove the mismatch between wants and gifts
B. spark new ideas of economic studies on holiday spending
C. evaluate the disparity between wants and gifts in economic terms
D. discover the exact cost of holiday spending on gift-giving
What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists. (61) speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of whom try to explain (62) a child picks up a language so easily. The fact that a child picks a language (63) is (64) ; at one year old, a child is able to say "bye-bye"; at two, he is able to use fifty words; by three he begins to (65) tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky (66) that human beings have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the (67) is (68) . Children are not taught language (69) they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists, (70) , hold the view that a child learns (71) of his language from the hints in the environment. (72) , theorists of both schools (73) that there is a biological basis fro language use. The (74) is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a fiel
A. Before
B. From now on
C. Just now
D. By now
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