Passage Four
During the twentieth century there has been a great change in the lives of women. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the Youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health made it unusual for them to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’ s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and she can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until sixty.
This important change in women’ s life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job. However, when they ma
A. give up their jobs for good after they are married
B. leave school as soon as they can
C. marry so that they can get a job
D. continue working until they are going to have a baby
Passage Four
During the twentieth century there has been a great change in the lives of women. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the Youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health made it unusual for them to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’ s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and she can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until sixty.
This important change in women’ s life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job. However, when they ma
A. plays a greater part in looking after the children
B. helps his wife by doing most of the housework
C. feels dissatisfied with his part in the family
D. takes a part-time job so that he can be more helpful at home
Passage Four
During the American War of Independence, women were involved in the active fighting in three ways. First, as members of a distinct branch of the Continental Army, referred to as "Women of the Army," women staffed field hospitals and acted as military support in such roles as water carriers. In an emergency, women water carders, who had plenty of opportunity to observe the firing of cannons, could replace a wounded comrade. The second way that women were involved in active fighting was as regular troop members who wore men’s uniforms and fought side by side with their male counterparts. Theoretically, women were not supposed to be recruited into the Continental Army, but if a woman was a good soldier, no one made an issue of sex at a time when the army was so short of: soldiers that boys not yet in their teens were also being recruited in violation of rules. Third, women were occasional fighters affiliated with local militia companies or
A. members of committees of safety
B. support personnel at medical facilities
C. recruiters of soldiers for the Continental Army
D. combat troops in the regular army
Passage Four
During the Progressive Movement, women began to play an increasingly active role in American politics. Women had long been interested in reform movements, but the number of women active in political affairs had been very limited. Now the educated, middle class woman began to grow tired of the passive role that men had assigned to her. Her own interests as a mother were brought into play by her concern over the education and welfare of her children, the city in which they lived, and such municipal facilities as play grounds, schools and parks. Her interests as a consumer were alerted by political struggles over tariffs, taxes, monopolies, and dishonesty in government. But more important than her interests were her sympathies, for she was shocked by the almost daily revelation about the terrible working conditions in the mills and mines of the country and the crowded conditions in which poor people lived in cities. Women began to develop their own heroin
A. bring honesty into politics
B. change the Constitution
C. run the mills and mines
D. control tariffs and taxes
There has arisen during this twentieth century (as it arose before, in ages which we like to call dark) a pronounced anti intellectualism, a feeling that both studies and literature are not merely vain, but also (1) untrustworthy. With people swayed by this wrong (2) that there is little use in arguing, either for history or literature, or for poetry or music, or for the arts (3) .
With others, there is still faith that any civilization worthy of the name must be (4) in a ceaseless pursuit of truth. Whether truth is (5) through study or through the arts makes no difference. Any pursuit of truth is not only (6) ; it is the foundation stone of civilization.
The (7) for and reading of history is one of those approaches to truth. It is only ones all the arts and sciences are such (8) . All have their place; all are good; and each (9) with the other. They are not airtight compartments. It is only in a few i
A. amateurs
B. specialists
C. peers
D. pedestrians
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