[单项选择]The palace was heavily guarded, because inside its walls ______.


A. where lived the Queen
B. lived the Queen
C. there lived the Queen
D. that lived the Queen

[单项选择]The palace was heavily guarded, because inside its walls ______.


A. where lived the Queen
B. lived the Queen
C. there lived the Queen
D. that lived the Queen

[单项选择]Because of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car has ______ Germany's Touting Car Championship.
A. conquered
B. contested
C. dominated
D. determined

[单项选择]James Joyce's Ulysses was banned because of its


A. stream-of-consciousness storylines.
B. compression of universal concerns.
C. certain obscene descriptions of life.
D. being fined and ordered to cease publication.

[判断题]Quantum is losing its appeal because the content is out of date.

[填空题]Calcium - rich food ______ its supplements because it also provides other nutrients like vitamin D and other minerals.

[单项选择]The river is already ______ its banks because of excessive rainfall, and the city is threatened with a likely flood.


A. parallel to
B. level in
C. flat on
D. flush with

[单项选择]we came to a palace（）our former classmates had never paid a visit before.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. to which

[单项选择]Buckingham Palace is______ 's present London home.


A. parliament
B. churchmen
C. monarch
D. the prime minister

[单选题]It’s time for Meimei and （） to the Palace Museum.
A.I going
B.I to go
C.me going
D.me to go

[单项选择]Westminster Palace is the seat of______

[单项选择]Most environmental problems exist because adequate measures for preventing them ______ taken in the past.
A. was not
B. were not being
C. were not
D. being not

[单项选择]The policeman questioned the man because


A. he had seen him doing a strange thing
B. he thought he recognised him
C. the man had fallen and needed attention
D. the man had tried to escape

[填空题]A. have been rescued B. inside their quarters C. where Phrases: A. put them up on a small tree 7 B. 8 after sheltering nearly three months C. at the abandoned base 9 there were only flour and cooking fat Eleven fishing boat crew who had been stranded since October in a remote part of Russia"s Far East 10 at an abandoned military base. The eight men and three women took refuge at the base after their small boat collided on October 10th. Their attempts to fix one of the boats did not succeed, and they had to remain 11 . Other supplies at the base, which was abandoned in 2003 including Christmas ornaments, and the crew members 12 , but supplies began running low and early this week, five set off on foot across snow fields. On Friday, after four days of trudging, they reached a working military radio station, the center called rescuers and helicopters were sent to take the eleven to the regional capital.

[简答题]Inside the Mind of the Consumer
Could brain-scanning technology provide an accurate way to assess the appeal of new products and the effectiveness of advertising
A Marketing people are no longer prepared to take your word for it that you favour one product over another. They want to scan your brain to see which one you really prefer. Using the tools of neuroscientists, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) mapping and functional magnetic-resonance imaging (fMRI), they are trying to learn more about the mental processes behind purchasing decisions. The resulting fusion of neuroscience and marketing is, inevitably, being called ’neuromarketing’.
B The first person to apply brain-imaging technology in this way was Gerry Zaltman of Harvard University, in the late 1990s. The idea remained in obscurity until 2001, when BrightHouse, a marketing consultancy based in Atlanta, Georgia, set up a dedicated neuromarketing arm, BrightHouse Neurostrategies Group. (BrightHouse lists Coca-Cola, Delta Airlines and Home Depot among its clients.) But the company’s name may itself simply be an example of clever marketing. BrightHouse does not scan people while showing them specific products or campaign ideas, but bases its work on the results of more general fMRI-based research into consumer preferences and decision-making carried out at Emory University in Atlanta.
C Can brain scanning really be applied to marketing The basic principle is not that different from focus groups and other traditional forms of market research. A volunteer lies in an fMRI machine and is shown images or video clips. In place of an interview or questionnaire, the subject’s response is evaluated by monitoring brain activity. fMRI provides real-time images of brain activity, in which different areas ’light up’ depending on the level of blood flow. This provides clues to the subject’s subconscious thought patterns. Neuroscientists know, for example, that the sense of self is associated with an area of the brain known as the medial prefrontal cortex. A flow of blood to that area while the subject is looking at a particular logo suggests that he or she identifies with that brand.
D At first, it seemed that only companies in Europe were prepared to admit that they used neuromarketing. Two carmakers, DaimlerChrysler in Germany and Ford’s European arm, ran pilot studies in 2003. But more recently, American companies have become more open about their use of neuromarketing. Lieberman Research Worldwide, a marketing firm based in Los Angeles, is collaborating with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) to enable movie studios to market-test film trailers. More controversially, the New York Times recently reported that a political consultancy, FKF Research, has been studying the effectiveness of campaign commercials using neuromarketing techniques.
E Whether all this is any more than a modern-day version of phrenology, the Victorian obsession with linking lumps and bumps in the skull to personality traits, is unclear. There have been no large-scale studies, so scans of a handful of subjects may not be a reliable guide to consumer behaviour in general. Of course, focus groups and surveys are flawed too: strong personalities can steer the outcomes of focus groups, and people do not always tell opinion pollsters the truth. And even honest people cannot always explain their preferences.
F That is perhaps where neuromarketing has the most potential. Most people say they prefer the taste of Coke to Pepsi, but cannot say why. An unpublished study carried out last summer at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas, found that most subjects preferred Pepsi in a blind tasting—fMRI scanning showed that drinking Pepsi lit up a region called the ventral putamen, which is one of the brain’s ’reward centres’, far more brightly than Coke. But when told which drink was which, most subjects said they preferred Coke, which suggests that its stronger brand outweighs Pepsi’s more pleasant taste.
G ’People form many unconscious attitudes that are obviously beyond traditional methods that utilise introspection,’ says Steven Quartz, a neuroscientist at Caltech who is collaborating with Lieberman Research. With over $100 billion spent each year on marketing in America alone, any firm that can more accurately analyse how customers respond to products, brands and advertising could make a fortune.
H Consumer advocates are wary. Gary Ruskin of Commercial Alert, a lobby group, thinks existing marketing techniques are powerful enough. ’Already, marketing is deeply implicated in many serious pathologies,’ he says. ’That is especially true of children, who are suffering from an epidemic of marketing-related diseases, including obesity and type-2 diabetes. Neuromarketing is a tool to amplify these trends.’ Dr. Quartz counters that neuromarketing techniques could equally be used for benign purposes. ’There are ways to utilise these technologies to create more responsible advertising,’ he says. Brain-scanning could, for example, be used to determine when people are capable of making free choices, to ensure that advertising falls within those bounds.
I Another worry is that brain-scanning is an invasion of privacy and that information will be compiled on the preferences of specific individuals. But neuromarketing studies rely on small numbers of volunteer subjects, so that seems implausible. Critics also object to the use of medical equipment for frivolous rather than medical purposes. But as Tim Ambler, a neuromarketing researcher at the London Business School says: ’A tool is a tool, and if the owner of the tool gets a decent rent for hiring it out, then that subsidises the cost of the equipment, and everybody wins.’ Perhaps more brain-scanning will someday explain why some people like the idea of neuromarketing, but others do not.
—EconomistSteven Quartz