Passage Four
During the twentieth century there has been a great change in the lives of women. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the Youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health made it unusual for them to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’ s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and she can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until sixty.
This important change in women’ s life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job. However, when they ma
A. is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselves
B. does not like children herself
C. needn' t worry about food for her children
D. can be free from family duties when she reaches sixty
Passage Four
Native Americans from the southeastern part of what is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three separate, but related, worlds: the Upper World, the Lower World, and This World. In the last there lived humans, most animals, and all plants.
This World, a round island resting on the surface of waters, was suspended from the sky by four cords attached to the island at the four cardinal points of the compass. Lines drawn to connect the opposite points of the compass, from north to south and from east to west, intersected This World to divide it into four wedge-shaped segments. Thus a symbolic representation of the human world was a cross within a circle, the cross representing the intersecting lines and the circle the shape of This World.
Each segment of This World was identified by its own color. According to Cherokee doctrine, east was associated with the color red because it was the directi
A. waters
B. the sky
C. an animal
D. an island
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