Minimizing the environmental damage that new roads cause is generally regarded as a good thing. But to do that, it helps to understand just how new roads cause the damage of which they are accused.
Recently, a group of researchers led by Dr Gonzalez conducted an experiment which shows what ecologists have long suspected, but never been able to prove: that immigration is good for the health of animal populations.
A road destroys only a small part of the habitat it traverses, and thus annihilates just a few local populations of creatures. So the argument that road-building itself is bad for biodiversity is not self-evidently correct. Those who nevertheless hold this view usually point to a piece of ecological theory called "meta-population dynamics". This says that apparently separate local populations of animals are, in fact, parts of much larger populations connected via migration.
According to this theory, when a local population flounders &mdas
A. They destroy plants along the roads.
B. They cause damage to nearby forests.
C. They make some natural habitats unlivable.
D. They endanger many species.
New graduates in America are used to facing an uncertain future while saddled with heavy debts. Now Sallie Mae, the firm that provides many of them with the financial wherewithal to complete their education, will understand how they feel. On Monday April 16th it was announced that two private-equity firms along with two banks, JPMorgan Chase and Bank of America, had agreed to pay $25 billion for America’s leading student-loan provider.
In the past decade the market for student loans has doubled to around $85 billion a year. Student numbers have swelled while incomes have failed to keep pace with the soaring cost of college education. Sallie Mae has over a quarter of the entire business in America. And though margins are wafer-thin the firm made a profit of $1.2 billion last year.
This profitability has attracted the interest of both Democratic and Republican lawmakers, seeking ways to save money while making education more affordable. Particularly vulnerable
A. have no idea to deal with the case.
B. ask the army to solve the problem.
C. use its strong system to urge for return.
D. no longer lend money to students.
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