The UNIX operating system is made up of three parts; the kernel, the shell and the programs. The kernel of UNIX is the () of the operating system: it allocates time and memory to programs and handles the filestore and communications in response to () .
The shell acts as an () between the user and the kernel. When a user logs in, the () program checks the username and password, and then starts another program called the shell. The shell is a command line () (CLI). It interprets the commands the user types in and arranges for them to be carded out. The commands are themselves programs: when they terminate, the shell gives the user another prompt (% on our systems).
Questions 11—13 are based on the following talk. |
In this part there are three passages and one table. each followed by five quesrions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
11-15
Firefighters ane often asked to speak to school and community groups about the importance of fine safety, particularly fire prevention and detection. Bccause smoke detectors reduce the risk of dying in a fire by half. firefighters often provide audiences with information on how to install these protectivc devices in their homes. Specifically, they tell them these things: A smoke detector should be placcd on each floor of a home. While sleeping, people are in particular danger of an emergent fire、 and there must he a dctcct A. How firefighters carry out their responsibilities. B. The proper installation of home smoke detectors. C. The detoction of dead-air space on walls and ceilings. D. How smoke detectors prevent fies in homes. [单项选择]How to approach Listening Test Part Three
· In this part you listen twice to a long conversation, interview or monologue, and answer eight questions.
· Before you listen, read the questions. Think about what will be said.
· Note all possible answers as you listen for the first time. Do not make an immediate decision.
· Listen for overall meaning. Do not choose an answer just because you hear the same words in the recording as in the question.
· Decide on your final answer only after you have listened for the second time.
· You will hear a college lecturer talking to a class of business students about a merger between two supermarket chains.
· For each question 28 - 30, mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer.
· You will hear the recording twice.One reason given for the merger’s lack of success is A. difficulties in integrating the two brands’ supply chains. B. increased competition from other supermarket businesses. C. customers’ unwillingness to accept cha
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