[单项选择]When was the United States transformed into a truly industrial country a. In the twentieth century. b. At the turn of the last century. c. During the Civil War. d. Between the end of the Civil War and the mm of the 20th century.

[单项选择]When was the United States transformed into a truly industrial country
A. In the twentieth century.
B. At the turn of the last century.
C. During the Civil War.
D. Between the end of the Civil War and the turn of the 20th century.

[单项选择] A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Nearly half of all negligence (过失) cases decided through 1,896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won. Most of the cases were decided in state courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them. Court decisions always went against railroad workers. Mr. Farrell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman’’s negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farrell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted caref
A. Farrell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.
B. Farrell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.
C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.
D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.

[单项选择]By the 1820’s in the United States, when steamboats were common on western waters, these boats were mostly powered by engines built in the West (Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, or Louisville), and of a distinctive western design specially suited to western needs. The first steam engines (21) practical use in England and the United States were (22) low-pressure design. This was the type first (23) by James Watt, then manufactured by the firm of Boulton and Watt. Steam was (24) in a large, double-acting vertical cylinder, but the steam reached only a few pounds of pressure per square inch. It was low-pressure engines of this type that (25) first introduced into the United States by Robert Fulton. He (26) such a Boulton and Watt engine from England to run the Clermont. But this type of engine was ,expensive and complicated, (27) many precision-fitted moving parts.
The engine that became standard on western steamboats was of a dif
A. communicated
B. accumulated
C. manipulated
D. formulated