People often speak of fire as though it
were a living creature--It grows, dances, needs oxygen, feeds on whatever it can
find, and then dies. And when a forest fire rages out of control, threatening
human lives and homes, it must be fought like a "wild animal." The fight is
often desperate, since firefighters’ best efforts may be dwarfed by the fury of
a large fire. But the fire’s own traits can be used against it.
The heated air above a fire rises in a pillar of smoke and burnt gases,
pulling fresh air in from the sides to replace it. Firefighters use this fact
when they "fight fire with fire." They start a fire well in front of the one
which they are fighting. Instead of traveling on in front of the huge fire, the
smaller fire is pulled back toward it by the updrafts of the larger blaze. As it
travels back to meet the large
A. behind a forest fire
B. ahead of a forest fire
C. on the sides of a forest fire
D. all around a forest fire
[单项选择]
Passage 2
People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man’s release of completely new and often artificial (人造) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质), such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments Would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three or four times in packages that all have to be disposed off drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in ter
A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment
B. the production of new industrial goods
C. increased amounts of a natural substance
D. our ever-increasing population
[填空题]Passage Eight
Orbiting only about three million miles out from its star, the Jupiter-size gas giant planet, dubbed TrES-2b, is heated to 980 degrees Celsius. Yet the apparently inky world appears to reflect almost none of the starlight that shines on it.
[单项选择] Passage Three
People use money to buy food, books,
bicycles and hundreds of other things they need. When they work, they usually
get paid in money.
Most of the money used today is made of metal
or paper. But in ancient times people used to use all kinds of things as money.
One of the first kinds of money was shells.
In China, cloth and
knives were used as money. Elephant tusks, monkey tails and salt were used in
some parts of Africa. Rice was also a kind of money used by the ancient people
in some islands. Cows and other animals were used as money, too.
The first copper coins were made in China. They were round and had a
square hole in the centre. Different counties had used different metals for
their money. Later some countries began to make Coins of gold and silver. But
gold and silver were heavy to carry when people need a lot of
A. they were too heavy
B. they would be for future use
C. they were easy to slip off
D. they were useless
[单项选择]Passage Two
People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expect to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity (长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then—the gap is growing.
A number of reasons have been proposed to account for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be Jess adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).
Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are
A. Men’s lifespan remains almost unchanged.
B. Researchers have found the causes of the age gap.
C. The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.
D. The age gap was noticed only recently.
[单项选择] Passage Two
In only two decades Asian Americans
have become the fastestgrowing the U. S. minority. As their children began
moving up through the nation’s schools, it became clear that a new class of
academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the
nation’s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering
departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for
mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact’ that Asian-American
students who began their educations abroad arrived in the U.S. with a solid
grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also
influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel they will be
judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more
immediate in something like engineering than
A. They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American society in general
B. People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success
C. Asian Americans would be a threat to other minorities
D. American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character
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