| There was one thought that air
pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories
and heavy automobile traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the
areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide. On
several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has
covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas
away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In
fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution.
Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in
the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil ) is creating a
"greenhouse effect"— conserving heat reflected from the earth and raising the
world’s average temperatur A. share the same view with the scientist. B. is uncertain of its occurrence C. rejects it as being ungrounded D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon [简答题]Discoveries in science and technology are thought by many to come in blinding flashes or as the result of dramatic accidents: Sir Isaac Newton noticed the falling apple in his garden and came forth with the gravitation law. This notion is obviously not true. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then. In fact, he had experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he made his discovery. Inventions and innovations almost always come out of laborious trial and error. Innovation, as well as inventions, is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score.
[单项选择]Clinton thought that his experience in China
A. helped him to get his Master’s degree. B. helped him to gain a better understanding of China and its people. C. made his life more interestin [简答题]
A reference group is a concept referring to a group to which an individual or another group is compared. It is the group to which the individual relates or aspires to relate himself or herself psychologically. It becomes the individual’s frame of reference and the source for organizing his or her experiences, perceptions, cognition, and ideas of self. Reference groups provide the benchmarks and contrast needed for comparison and evaluation of group or personal characteristics. Robert K. Merton hypothesized that individuals compare themselves with reference groups of people who occupy the social role to which the individual aspires. Question: The professor uses one example to illustrate the definition of "reference group". Explain how this example is related to the reading passage. [单项选择] Passage 1
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