The nineteenth century brought about
the greatest expansion of wealth the world had ever known. Its sources lay in
the industrialisation of Europe and the techniques for assuring the continuance
of this growth were by no means exhausted or compromised in 1900. There had not
only been a vast and accelerating flow of commodities available only in
(relatively) tiny quantities a century before, but whole new ranges of goods had
come into existence. Oil and electricity had joined coal, wood, wind and water
as sources of energy. A chemical industry existed which could not have been
envisaged in 1800. Growing power and wealth had been used to tap seemingly
inexhaustible natural resources, both agricultural and mineral. Railways,
electric trams, steamships, motor cars and bicycles gave mil-lions of men a new
control over their environment; A. after 1900 B. before 1900 C. in about 1800 D. in about 1900
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The nineteenth century brought about
the greatest expansion of wealth the world had ever known. Its sources lay in
the industrialisation of Europe and the techniques for assuring the continuance
of this growth were by no means exhausted or compromised in 1900. There had not
only been a vast and accelerating flow of commodities available only in
(relatively) tiny quantities a century before, but whole new ranges of goods had
come into existence. Oil and electricity had joined coal, wood, wind and water
as sources of energy. A chemical industry existed which could not have been
envisaged in 1800. Growing power and wealth had been used to tap seemingly
inexhaustible natural resources, both agricultural and mineral. Railways,
electric trams, steamships, motor cars and bicycles gave mil-lions of men a new
control over their environment; A. cheaper and easier B. cheaper and faster C. cheaper, easier and faster D. faster and easier
[单项选择]
The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. "In Europe", said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant." It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt’s plow for fear of ruin of their fields C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced
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