[填空题] Volts from the Sky
1．Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.
2．Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground’s surfaces, making it become positively charged, The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.
3．A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.
4

[填空题] Volts from the Sky
1．Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.
2．Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground’s surfaces, making it become positively charged, The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.
3．A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.
4

[填空题]Until now, sorting the truth from deception has relied on subjective hunches about individuals’ honesty, or else the (26) measurements of old- fashioned polygraph machines. But what if there were a sleek scientific tool that could peer into the human brain and prove (27) when a person was lying
As advances in neuroscience have mapped out the brain in (28) detail in recent years, businesses have been clamouring to commercialize the emerging research. The newest trend is for companies to offer (29) resonance imaging (MRI) scans that they claim (30) brain activity associated with deception.
Already this year, new companies such as No Lie MR/and Cephos have been pitching defense lawyers, counter-intelligence agencies and (31) spouses with their promises to reveal the cold truth. Plenty of skeptics see the claims as overhyped, and there are serious worries about ethics and civil (32) . But with billio

[简答题] From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can make very positive statements about how language originated. There is no material in any language today and in the earliest (S1) _________ records of ancient languages shows us language in a new and (S2) _________ emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language (S3) _________ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the necessary (S4) _________ evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of a language with a large proportion of (S5) _________ such cries than we find in English. It is true that the absence of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in other grounds (S6) _________ too the theory is not very attractive. People of all races and languages make rather similar noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that (S7) _______