Conventional wisdom about conflict
seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and
stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility.
Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people
in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor
Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be
more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied
perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives
worked for profit seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit
organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that
opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of
organization. Specially, managers in not-for-profit organizations stro A. there is no end of conflict B. expression of different opinions is encouraged C. decisions must be justifiable D. success lies in general agreement
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[单项选择]{{B}}Text 3{{/B}}
Conventional wisdom about conflict
seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and
stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility.
Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people
in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor
Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be
more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied
perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives
worked for profit seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit
organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that
opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of
organization. Specially, managers in not-for-profit organizations stro A. wrong B. oversimplified C. misleading D. unclear
[单项选择] Passage Three
Conventional wisdom about conflict
seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷淡) and
stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility.
Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people
in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor
Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be
more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied
perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives
worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit
organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that
opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of
organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations stro A. wrong B. oversimplified C. misleading D. unclear
[单项选择] Passage Two
Conventional wisdom has it that concern for the
environment is a luxury only the rich world can afford; that only people whose
basic needs for food and shelter have been met can start worrying about the
health of the planet. This survey will argue that developing countries, too,
should be thinking about the environment. True, in the rich countries a strong
environmental movement did not emerge until long after they had become
industrialized, a stage that many developing countries have yet to reach. And
true, many of the developed world’s environmental concerns have little to do
with immediate threats to its inhabitants’ well-being. People worry about
whether carbon-dioxide emissions might lead to a warmer climate next century, or
whether genetically engineered crops might have unforeseen consequences for the
ecosystem. That is why, w A. only rich countries can afford to care about environmental problems B. developing countries should also be thinking about the environment C. environmental problems exist only in the rich world D. rich countries have not paid enough attention to the health of the planet
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