[单项选择]Corvids are sociable and tend to form social groups. This is particularly true of rooks, which stay in their flocks all year round. The raven, largest of the corvids, joins a social group as a juvenile, pairing off at around the age of three and mating for life. Courtship can involve such games as pair snow sliding and the synchronized flight test. Corvids can be found all over the world. The adaptability and intelligence of this family have made them extremely successful. For centuries, the raven and the crow have held a special place in the mythology of various cultures.
2. It can be inferred from the passage that corvids are


A. a family of birds
B. games for children
C. members of a sports club
D. imaginary beings

[单项选择]Young people tend to（）social and cultural traditions.
A. turn away
B. turn back
C. turn against
D. turn down

[单项选择]The rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences are called ______ rules.
A. lexical
B. structural
C. coordinate
D. combinational

[填空题]tend to

[简答题]social security

[简答题]social unrest

[单项选择]Chinese people tend to

[单项选择]

SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN ANIMALS

1 Social behavior is communication that permits a group of animals of the same species to become organized cooperatively. Social behavior includes any interaction that is a consequence of one animal’s response to another of its own species, such as an individual fighting to defend a territory. However, not all aggregations of animals are social. Clusters of moths attracted to a light at night or trout gathering in the coolest pool of a stream are groupings of animals responding to environmental signals. Social aggregations, on the other hand, depend on signals from the animals themselves, which stay together and do things together by influencing one another.
2 Social animals are not all social to the same degree. Some species cooperate only long enough to achieve reproduction, while others--such as geese and beavers--form strong pair bonds that last a lifetime. The most persistent social bonds usu
A. To show how social behavior benefits each individual in a group
B. To point out the role of the environment in social organization
C. To give examples of groupings that do not represent social behavior
D. To explain how not all social behavior has the same purpose

[单项选择] Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable. Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other menta
A. negative sanctions
B. severe punishments
C. the individual’s conscience
D. unrestrained suppression