There are three trends most widely
blamed for causing environmental problems—population growth, urbanization and
industrialization. The world’s population is increasing by
around 85 million every year—the equivalent of, say, another Mexico. The pace of
growth has come down a little since the 1960s, but according to United Nations
projections it remains fast enough to push the world’s population above 9
billion, from around 6 billion today. Most of that growth will be in developing
countries. The population explosion of the past few decades has been due to a
happy trend: a dramatic rise in life expectancy (平均寿命), thanks in part to the
spread of modern medicines and better sanitation. But, say environmentalists,
the world’s Supply of natural resources is finite, and in some regions
particular resources are already scarce (water in A. a scarcity of farm jobs B. the hope of better jobs and life C. discriminating economic policies D. both A and B
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[单项选择] Passage Two
There are three trends most widely
blamed for causing environmental problems—population growth, urbanization and
industrialization. The world’s population is increasing by
around 85 million every year—the equivalent of, say, another Mexico. The pace of
growth has come down a little since the 1960s, but according to United Nations
projections it remains fast enough to push the world’s population above 9
billion, from around 6 billion today. Most of that growth will be in developing
countries. The population explosion of the past few decades has been due to a
happy trend: a dramatic rise in life expectancy (平均寿命), thanks in part to the
spread of modern medicines and better sanitation. But, say environmentalists,
the world’s Supply of natural resources is finite, and in some regions
particular resources are already scarce (water in A. shortage of world’s supply of natural resources B. a happy trend of rise in life expectancy C. emergence of many new cities D. spread of modern medicines
[单项选择] Passage Three
Most people would be impressed by the
high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is a lot of
specialization, a great deal of attention to the individual, a vast amount of
advanced technical equipment, and intense effort not to make mistakes because of
the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they
handle things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. The
problem is the way in which health care is organized and financed. Contrary to
public belief, it is not just a free competition system. To the private system
has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not
looking after the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with
this huge public part of the system, which this year will eat up 84.5 billion
dollars—more than 10 percent of the U.S. budget—large A. occasional mistakes by careless doctors B. a great deal of personal attention C. low charge by doctors and hospitals D. stacking nurses and bad services
[单项选择]
Passage Three
Most Americans today have some insurance against long-term illness or injury, or the death of the family wage-earner. Nearly all who work, including the self-employed, are covered by retirement programs. Four out of five employees now have access to unemployment benefits.
The Social Security law, which covers more than 90 percent of the work force, provides a national system of payments in old age and disability benefits. Over the years the law has been broadened’ to give greater protection in all categories.
The Social Security system is financed through a tax paid by workers and their employers during the years of employment. Self-employed persons, who also pay into the system, are covered as well. When workers retire at age 65, they receive monthly payments on a scale to their previous earnings; reduced benefits am paid to those retiring at ages 62 through 64. Benefits are also paid to nonworking widows and widowers, to childr A. the Social Security law B. the social security and insurance system C. unemployment insurance D. retirement benefits
[单项选择]
Passage Three Until two years ago, Clearing, Illinois was a tranquil suburb of Chicago. But residents grew alarmed when they noticed armed teenagers on the streets, giving gang signals and shouting at passing cars. Then came a series of burglaries and graffiti messages on store- fronts. By the time local authorities realized they had a gang problem, it was too late. Last December, two 13-year-old girls were shot outside their school as they sat in a car with two members of a local gang, the Ridgeway Lords. Nearly all 50 states have recently passed laws that allow youths aged 14-17 to be tried in court as adults. In about 25 states they have passed laws to punish parents for their children’s behavior. And in 146 of the nation’s largest cities, they have imposed curfews to reduce juvenile violence. When you look at the spectacular rise of violent crime among young people recently, it’s easy to understand the concern. Over the past decade, there ha A. A famous band. B. A gang. C. A prison. D. A unit.
[单项选择] Passage Two
Unfortunately most of the science
fiction films of the 1970s were not much influenced by 2001 A Space Odyssey.
Skillfully directed by Stanley Kubrick, 2001. which appeared in 1968, set new
standards for science fiction films. During the next decade, every one of the
dozens of science fiction movies released was compared to 2001 , and all but a
few were found sadly lacking. Admittedly, Kubrick had one of the
largest budgets ever for a film of this kind, but, in my opinion, much of the
movie’s power and appeal was achieved through relatively inexpensive means. For
example, the musical score, which was adapted in large part from
well-known classical compositions, was reinforced by the use of almost
kaleidoscopic visual effects, especially during the space travel sequences.
Spectacular camera work was edited to correspond precisely A. better than 2001: A Space Odyssey B. not as good as 2001: A Space Odyssey C. almost the same as Star Wars D. better than Star Wars
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