[单项选择]A client exhibits confusion and severe memory loss. At 11:30 AM, he tells the nurse that he is going to work and proceeds to walk toward the door. Which of the following actions should be the nurse take（　）
A. Remind him that he retired from his job 10 years ago.
B. Tell him that she’ll accompany him for a short walk outdoors.
C. Divert his attention toward the dining room where lunch is being served.
D. Tell him that he does not have to go to work today.

[单项选择]
Infections outside the brain may speed memory decline in Alzheimer’ s disease, UK researchers say. The Southampton University researchers studied 222 elderly people with Alzheimer’ s for six months, and they found that getting infections in places like the chest or urinary tract (尿道) could lead to higher level of an inflammatory (引发炎症的) protein called turnout necrosis factor (TNF) in the blood, and double memory loss.
There were 110 of the 222 subjects who developed a total of 150 infections, in areas such as the chest, stomach and intestines (肠) and the urinary tract, which led to the production of TNF proteins. These are collectively known as acute systemic inflammation events (SIEs).
Subjects with one or more SIEs during the six months follow - up had two times the rate of cognitive decline from their baseline score at the start of the study compared with those who had no SIE. And those patients
A. UK researchers have studied people who had brain infections and found there is no connection between infections and memory lost.
B. It is found that infections in the chest or urinary tract could lead to memory lost in people with Alzheimer’ s disease.
C. UK researchers studied people with Alzheimer’ s disease and found the connection between infections and memory lost.
D. TNF is a kind of inflammatory protein, the level of which can influence the memory of people with Alzheimer’ s diseas

[单项选择]Passage TwoA. Memory loss, sleeplessness and anxiety. B. Memory loss, muscle pain and depression.
C. High fever, sleep disorder and fatigue. D. Chronic disorder, muscular pain and headache.

[单项选择]When a client experiences a loss of vibratory sense on examination, this indicates（）
A. injury to the cranial nerves.
B. injury to the peripheral nerves.
C. intact cranial nerves.
D. intact peripheral nerves.

[单项选择]When instructing the client with severe burns about proper nutrition, the nurse would encourage him to eat which of the following meals（　）
A. Chicken breast, salad, iced tea.
B. Roast beef sandwich, milkshake, cottage cheese.
C. Hamburger, orange, coffee.
D. Pasta salad, carrots, iced tea.

[单项选择]A client has severe pruritus from hepatitis B. Which of the following nursing measures would best enhance the client’s comfort
A. Use hot water to increase vasodilation.
B. Use cold water to decrease itching sensation.
C. Give tepid water baths.
D. Avoid lotions and creams.

[单项选择]A client reports a severe headache shortly after a lumbar puncture for a myelogram. What would be the nurse’s best response（）
A. Increase the client’s fluid intake.
B. Administer prescribed antihypertensives.
C. Offer roll lenses to the client.
D. Place cooling packs over the lumbar puncture site.

[单项选择]A client complains of a severe, throbbing headache following a lumbar puncture. The priority nursing intervention for this client is to（）
A. restrict fluid intake.
B. increase fluid intake.
C. raise the head of the bed.
D. assess vital signs.

[单项选择]The client was admitted with severe head injury resulting from a motor vehicle accident. The client is presently unconscious. To facilitate rehabilitation when the client’s condition allows, the nurse should
A. maintain limbs in the position of function.
B. apply restraints to arms and legs to control spasms.
C. exercise just the arms as the legs maintain their tone longer.
D. notify physical therapy as soon as the physician orders passive range of motion.

[单项选择]A client who is 7 months pregnant reports severe leg cramps at night. Which nursing action would be most effective in helping her cope with these cramps（）
A. Suggesting that she walk for 1 hour twice per day.
B. Advising her to take over-the-counter calcium supplements twice per day.
C. Teaching her to dorsiflex her foot during the cramp.
D. Instructing her to increase milk and cheese intake to 8 to 10 servings per day.

[单项选择]Opiate withdrawal causes severe physical discomfort and can be life-threatening. To minimize these effects, opiate users are commonly detoxified with which drug（）
A. Barbiturates.
B. Amphetamines.
C. Methadone.
D. Benzodiazepines.

[单项选择]There are three kinds of memory: sense memory, working memory, and long-term memory. Think of them as three connected rooms in which you store different kinds of memories.
The first kind of memory is sense memory. Everything you are sensing right now is stored here. Perhaps you feel the sun on your face or smell the aroma(香味) of food. Sense memories last only a few seconds, but they connect one moment to the next. They give your life a flow, even though they are quickly forgotten.
You keep a few items(条目) in working memory. These are memories you need for what you are doing. Suppose you look up a friend’s telephone number in the phone book. You’ll probably remember the number for a little while. But if you get distracted (分神), you might quickly forget it. A memory usually stays in your working memory for just a few days at most. Working memory has another limit, too. Only a small number of items fit into it at any given time.
Memories you want to keep for a long time g