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[填空题]Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards against dangers and stress; its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money. (21) Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful, it is often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest. The presence of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, the overloading of public services and exposure to those deviants and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of great cities. Crime has always flourished in the relative anonymity of urban life, but today’s ease of movement makes its control more difficult than ever; there is much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size of communities. (22) City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them.
As a defence against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various strategies to try and reduce the pre
