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The Development of Rubber

Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was common knowledge (51) the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin of a rubber tree, a white liquid (52) milk came out, and that (53) this a sticky (粘的) mass of rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any (54) . The Peruvians made the (55) that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the early 1800’s, the Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to (56) their feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that day to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh (57) , and our raincoats are still named after him.
But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and sticky in summer, and
A. capable
B. probable
C. practical
D. possible

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The Development of Rubber

Here is the story of rubber. From the earliest time it was common knowledge (51) the Peruvians that when a cut was made in the outside skin of a rubber tree, a white liquid (52) milk came out, and that (53) this a sticky (粘的) mass of rubber might be made. This rubber is soft when warm, so that it is possible to give it any (54) . The Peruvians made the (55) that it was very good for keeping out the wet. Then in the early 1800’s, the Americans made use of it for the first time. First they made overshoes to (56) their feet dry. Then came a certain Mr. Mackintosh, who made coats of cloth covered with natural rubber. From that day to this we have been coating cloth with rubber as Mr. Mackintosh (57) , and our raincoats are still named after him.
But these first rubber overshoes and raincoats were all soft and sticky in summer, and
A. for
B. to
C. about
D. with

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The Development of Plastics

A When rubber was first commercially produced in Europe during the nineteenth century, it rapidly became a very important commodity, particularly in the fields of transportation and electricity. However, during the twentieth century a number of new synthetic materials, called plastics, superseded natural rubber in all but a few applications.
B Rubber is a polymer—a compound containing large molecules that are formed by the bonding of many smaller, simpler units, repeated over and over again. The same bonding principle—polymerization—underlies the creation of a huge range of plastics by the chemical industry.
C The first plastic was developed as a result of a competition in the USA. In the 1860s $10,000 was offered to anybody who could replace ivory—supplies of which were declining—with something equally good as a material for making billiard balls. The prize was won by John Wesley Hyatt with

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