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TEXT B

Public transit. In North America, public transportation has been the major casualty of the commitment to the automobile. Ridership on public transportation declined in the United States from 23 billion per year in the late 1940s to 7 billion in the early 1990s. At the end of World War I, U.S. cities had 50,000 kilometers of street railways and trolleys that carried 14 billion passengers a year, but only a few hundred kilometers of track remain. The number of U. S. and Canadian cities with trolley service declined from about fifty in 1950 to eight in the 1960s: Boston, Cleveland, New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, and Toronto.
Buses offered a more flexible service than trolleys, because they were not restricted to operating only on fixed tracks. General Motors acquired many of the privately owned streetcar companies and replaced the trolleys with buses that the company made. But bus riders

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{{B}}TEXT B{{/B}}

Public transit. In North America, public transportation has been the major casualty of the commitment to the automobile. Ridership on public transportation declined in the United States from 23 billion per year in the late 1940s to 7 billion in the early 1990s. At the end of World War I, U.S. cities had 50,000 kilometers of street railways and trolleys that carried 14 billion passengers a year, but only a few hundred kilometers of track remain. The number of U. S. and Canadian cities with trolley service declined from about fifty in 1950 to eight in the 1960s: Boston, Cleveland, New York, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, and Toronto.
Buses offered a more flexible service than trolleys, because they were not restricted to operating only on fixed tracks. General Motors acquired many of the privately owned streetcar companies and replaced the trolleys with buses that the company made. But b
A. Commuter railroad service, trolleys and buses have been reduced in the U. S.
B. Subways have largely been maintained.
C. Fares usually can not cover operating costs.
D. U.S. officials think it worthwhile to subsidize public transportation.

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[单项选择]A. Latin America. B. North America. C. South America. D. Central America.

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{{B}}TEXT B{{/B}}

In early Colonial America settlers used makeshift shelters, the most primitive of which was the dugout, like a cave dug into the side of a hill, sometimes built up with sod and covered over with poles and bark. Somewhat more ambitious was the palisade hut, or cabin, built of upright poles driven into the ground, woven with wattles, chinked with clay, and roofed with turf or thatch. The "wigwam" may be derived from the building traditions of local Indians. These were constructed by bending and tying stripped saplings into a vault, interweaving them with twigs, and covering them with bark. The interior might also be insulated with straw. Only the iron cooking pots they had brought with them gave any indication of the advanced technology out of which these people had come. Most of the New England settlers came from the rural areas of East Anglia, and the Gothic building forms of that region were transplanted, though m
A. made into a hillside
B. more ambitious than a dugout
C. without inside walls that might help to insulate
D. possibly developed from those of the earlier inhabitants

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[填空题]Bears are found in North America, South America, Europe, and Africa.

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The North American frontier changed some of the characteristics of the pioneers of the 1750’ s and intensified others. They were, as a group, semiliterate, proud, and stubborn, as dogged in their insistence on their own way of life as pine roots cracking granite ( 花岗岩) to grow. Perhaps their greatest resource was their capacity to endure. They outlasted recurrent ( 周期性发生的) plagues of smallpox (天花) and malaria (痢疾) and a steady progression of natural accidents. They were incredibly prolific. Squire Boone’ s family of eight children was small by frontier standards. James Roberston, an eventful neighbor of Boone’ s and the frontier of Nashville, had eleven children. Twice-married, John Sevier, the first governor of Tennessee, fathered eighteen; his long time enemy, John Tipton, also twice married, produced seventeen.
The enti
A. Metaphor.
B. Simile.
C. Personification.
D. Imagination.

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[填空题]Peoples occupied North America before the arrival of the (1)______
European in the 15th century have long been known as Indians because (2)______
of the belief prevalent at time of Columbus that the Americas were the (3)______
outer reaches of the Indies. Most scholars agree that Native Americans
came into the Western Hemisphere from Asia by the Bering Strait in a (4)______
series of migrations. From Alaska they spread to the east and south. (5)______
Several separate waves of migration are said to count for the many native (6)______
linguistic families, while the common origin used to explain the physical (7)______
characteristics that Native Americans have in common--Mongoloid
features, coarse, straight, black hair, dark eyes, sparse body hair, and
a skin colour range from yellow-brown to reddish brown. Many scholars (8)______

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