更多"Effects of Environmental
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[单项选择]
Effects of Environmental
Pollution
If pollution continues to increase at
the present rate, formation of aerosols (浮质) in the atmosphere will cause the
onset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty years’ time. This conclusion, reached by
Dr. S.I. Rasool and Dr. S.H. Schneider of the United States Goddard Space Flight
Centre, answers the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in
the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth to warm
up or increasing the aerosol content will cause it to cool down. The Americans
have shown conclusively that the aerosol question is dominant.
Two specters haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental
pollution might lead to the planet’s becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of
these ghosts has now been laid. Because it seems that even an increase in the
amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will
produce an increase in temperature of only 2℃, which would take place over
several thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than
ever.
Aerosols are collections of small liquid or solid
particles dispersed in air or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny
that each is composed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can
float in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced
aerosol is industrial smog (烟雾) of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and
is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today. These collections of aerosols
reflect the Sun’s heat and thereby cause the Earth to cool.
Dr.
Rasool and Dr. Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dust aerosol
layer just above the Earth’s surface in the temperature of the planet. As the
layer builds up, the present delicate balance between the amount of heat
absorbed from the Sun and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed. The
aerosol layer not only reflects much of the Sun’s light but also transmits the
infrared (红外线的) radiation from below. So, while the heat input to the surface
drops, the loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced
state.
Within fifty years, if no steps are taken to stop the
spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5℃
seems inevitable. If that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice
age, and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much
of the Sun’s radiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosol
layer were destroyed.
The only bright spot in this gloomy
forecast lies in the hope expressed by Dr. Rasool and Dr. Schneider that nuclear
power may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of the
atmosphere from becoming critical.The author’s main purpose in writing the article is to warn of ______.
A. warm weather
B. hot weather
C. a new ice age
D. a new iceberg
[单项选择]Effects of Environmental Pollution
If pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation of aerosols (浮质) in the atmosphere will cause the onset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty year’s time. This conclusion reached by Dr S. I. Rasoo1 and Dr S. H. Scheider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Center, answer the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth warm up or increasing the aerosol question is dominant.
Two specters haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might lead to the planet’s becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of these ghosts has now been laid, because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present value will produce an increase in temperature of only 2℃, which would take place over several thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than ever.
[多项选择] Is Environmental Pollution a Crime
1．破坏生态环境是一种犯罪行为
2．破坏生态给人类造成经济损失及生存危机
3．保护环境人人有责
[简答题]environmental justice
[填空题]
Developing Environmental Management Strategies
Strong and sustainable economic activity depends on healthy environmental management. It is being increasingly recognized by the public, government and industry that there is no need to shift moothly from a "react and cure" approach to an ",anticipate and prevent" approach. The mechanism governing this change started to appear three to four years ago and the momentum for change has been gathering steadily ever since.
Whilst the need to embrace these changes is almost universally accepted, the mechanisms for change and the priorities for action have been far from clear. The public and the media point to anecdotal evidence of lack of progress, or setbacks, over a bewildering range of topics. These inci-dents are catalogued by local and national pressure groups to enhance their own campaigns for change. The Government, under pressure from the European Community, has introduced legislati
[单项选择]Pedestrian zones reduce city center pollution.
A. Traffic reductions have improved city center air quality.
B. Larger roads have reduced city center traffic jams.
C. Cycle areas have improved the flow of city center traffi
[填空题]Pollution from rail transport is usually measured from the motor exhaust.
