[简答题]From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this valuable tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kinds future 2 and cultural growth increased.
Many linguists believe that evolution is 3 for our ability to produce and use language. They claim that our highly evolved brain provides us 4 an innate language ability not found in lower organisms. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 5 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 6 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 7 times for language development.
Current 8 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 9 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in the lower grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 10 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 11 of their first language have become firmly fixed.
Although some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 12 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 13 with other human beings isnecessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 14 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 15 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.