[单选题]Typically，an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network. IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a group of hosts on one or more networks.Sunch addresses are referred to as multicast addresses，and the act of sending a packet from a source to the members of a （71）group is referred to as multicasting. Multicasting done （72） the scope of a single LAN segment is straight forward. IEEE 802 and other LAN protocols include provision for MAC-level multicast addresses. A packet with a multicast address is transmitted on a LAN segment.Those stations that are members of the （73）multicast group recognize the multicast address and （本题）the packet.In this case,only a single copy of the packet is ever transmitted.This technique works because of the （75）nature of a LAN:A transmission from any one station is received by all other stations on the LAN.
A.reject
B.accept
C.discard
D.transmit

[单选题]Typically，an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network. IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a group of hosts on one or more networks.Sunch addresses are referred to as multicast addresses，and the act of sending a packet from a source to the members of a （作答本题）group is referred to as multicasting. Multicasting done （72） the scope of a single LAN segment is straight forward. IEEE 802 and other LAN protocols include provision for MAC-level multicast addresses. A packet with a multicast address is transmitted on a LAN segment.Those stations that are members of the （73）multicast group recognize the multicast address and （74）the packet.In this case,only a single copy of the packet is ever transmitted.This technique works because of the （75）nature of a LAN:A transmission from any one station is received by all other stations on the LAN.
A.numerous
B.only
C.single
D.multicast

[单选题]Typically, an IP address refers to an individual host on a particular network. IP also accommodates addresses that refer to a group of hosts on one or more networks. Such addresses are referred to as multicast addresses, and the act of sending a packet from a source to the members of a （1）group is referred to as multicasting. Multicasting done （2）the scope of a single LAN segment is straightforward. IEEE 802 and other LAN protocols include provision for MAC-level multicast addresses. A packet with a multicast address is transmitted on a LAN Segment. Those stations that are members of the （3）multicast group recognize the multicast address and （4）the packet. In this case, only a single copy of the packet is ever transmitted. This technique works because of the （5）nature of a LAN: A transmission from any one station is received by all other station on the LAN. 空白（2）应选（ ）。
A.Within
B.out of
C.beyond
D.cover

[单选题]（ ）is a professional organization of individuals in multiple professions which focuses on effort on lower-layer protocols.
A.ISO
B.ANSI
C.CCITT
D.IEEE

[单选题]If IP address is 202.130.191.33 and subnet mask is 255.255.255.0,then subnet prefix is（）。
A.202.130.0.0
B.202.0.0.0
C.202.130.191.33
D.202.130.191.0

[单选题]Stakeholder management refers to managing communications to satisfy needs of, and resolve issues with, project stakeholders. The （ ） is useful responsible for stakeholder management.
A.PMO
B.CIO
C.CCB
D.PM

[单选题]Project work packages are typically decomposed into smaller components called activities to provide a basis for （ ） , scheduling, executing, and monitoring and controlling the project work.
A.reviewing
B.estimating
C.auditing
D.expecting

[单选题]Change management would typically be composed of the raising and recording of changes, assessing the impact, cost, benefit and risk of proposed changes,developing business justification and obtaining approval, managing and coordinating change implementation, monitoring and reporting on implementation, reviewing and closing （）.
A.change reason
B.change model
C.remediation plan
D.change requests

[单选题]There are strategies typically deal with threats or risks that may have negative impacts on project objectives if they occur. Some other strategies are suggested to deal with risks with potentially positive impacts. （ ） is a risk response strategy that may be adopted for either threats or opportunities.
A.Share
B.Mitigate
C.Transfer
D.Acceptance

[单选题]Trust is typically interpreted as a subjective belief in the reliability， honesty and security of an entity on which we depend （ ）our welfare .In online environments we depend on a wide spectrun of things , ranging from computer hardware,software and data to people and organizations. A security solution always assumes certain entities function according to specific policies.To trust is precisely to make this sort of assumptions , hence , a trusted entity is the same as an entity that is assumed to function according to policy . A consequence of this is that a trust component of a system must work correctly in order for the security of that system to hold, meaning that when a trusted（ ）fails , then the sytems and applications that depend on it can（ ）be considered secure.An often cited articulation of this principle is:＂ a trusted system or component is one that can break your security policy” ( which happens when the trust system fails ). The same applies to a trusted party such as a service provider ( SP for short )that is , it must operate according to the agreed or assumed policy in order to ensure the expected level of securty and quality of services . A paradoxical conclusion to be drawn from this analysis is that security assurance may decrease when increasing the number of trusted components and parties that a service infrastructure depends on . This is because the security of an infrastructure consisting of many. Trusted components typically follows the principle of the weakest link , that is ,in many situations the the overall security can only be as strong as the least reliable or least secure of all the trusted components. We cannot avoid using trusted security components,but the fewer the better. This is important to understand when designing the identity management architectures,that is, fewer the trusted parties in an identity management model , stronger the security that can be achieved by it. The transfer of the social constructs of identity and trust into digital and computational concepts helps in designing and implementing large scale online markets and communities,and also plays an important role in the converging mobile and Internet environments.Identity management (denoted Idm hereafter ) is about recognizing and verifying the correctness of identitied in online environment .Trust management becomes a component of （ ）whenever different parties rely on each other for identity provision and authentication . IdM and Trust management therefore depend on each other in complex ways because the correctness of the identity itself must be trusted for the quality and reliability of the corresponding entity to be trusted.IdM is also an essential concept when defining authorisation policies in personalised services. Establishing trust always has a cost, so that having complex trust requirement typically leads to high overhead in establishing the required trust. To reduce costs there will be incentives for stakeholders to “cut corners”regarding trust requirements ,which could lead to inadequate security . The challenge is to design IdM systems with relatively simple trust requirements.Cryptographic mechanisms are often a core component of IdM solutions,for example,for entity and data authentication.With cryptography,it is often possible to propagate trust from where it initially exists to where it is needed .The establishment of initial（ ）usually takes place in the physical world,and the subsequent propagation of trust happens online,often in an automated manner.
A.with
B.on
C.of
D.for

[单选题]Which of the following refers to the study of meaning in abstraction
A.Phonetics
B.Pragmatics
C.Semantics
D.Sociolinguistics