[不定项选择题]多发性硬化病理特点是
A.神经细胞变性或坏死，轴索和髓鞘变性，形成空洞，伴有淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润
B.脑实质广泛病变，以大脑皮质、脑干及基底核最明显，脊髓病变最轻
C.细菌由鼻咽部入血，经血源性播散，定居于脑膜及脊髓膜，形成脑脊髓膜炎性病变
D.脑室、脊髓中央管周围的白质、视神经、视交叉等处多个散在的硬化斑块
E.中枢神经系统白质的中小静脉周围散在脱髓鞘病灶，袖套状淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润

[不定项选择题]门脉性肝硬化的病理学特点是（ ）。
A.结节大小不等，纤维间隔厚薄不均
B.肝脏体积缩小，未见明显结节
C.肝脏呈细颗粒状，黄绿色
D.干线型肝纤维化
E.结节大小较一致，纤维间隔薄而均匀

[不定项选择题]坏死后肝硬化的病理学特点是（ ）。
A.结节大小不等，纤维间隔厚薄不均
B.肝脏体积缩小，未见明显结节
C.肝脏呈细颗粒状，黄绿色
D.干线型肝纤维化
E.结节大小较一致，纤维间隔薄而均匀

[不定项选择题]多发性骨髓瘤
A.组织性蛋白尿
B.微量白蛋白尿
C.大量白蛋白尿
D.直立性蛋白尿
E.溢出性蛋白尿

[不定项选择题]多发性肌炎:
A.滑膜炎
B.附着点炎
C.小血管炎
D.泪腺炎
E.肌炎

[不定项选择题]肺癌特点是
A.长期咳嗽，咳大量脓痰，反复出现大咯血
B.45岁以上伴大量长期吸烟史，持续痰中带血
C.咳嗽剧烈时，痰中带血
D.低热、盗汗、咳鲜血痰
E.夜间阵发性呼吸困难伴咳粉红泡沫样痰

[不定项选择题]小儿病理特点是（　　）。
A.不易发病，传变迅速
B.发病容易，传变迅速
C.脏腑娇嫩，形气未充
D.发病容易，传变较缓
E.脏气清灵，传变迅速

[不定项选择题]共用题干 Multiple Sclerosis（多发性硬化症）

1 Multiple Sclerosis ( MS) is a disease in which the patient ' s immune（免疫的）system attacks the
central nervous system.This can lead to numerous physical and mental symptoms,as the disease affects the
transmission of electrical signals between the body and the brain.However,the human body,being a flexi-
ble,adaptable system,can compensate for some level of damage,so a person with MS can look and feel fine
even though the disease is present.
2 MS patients can have one of two main varieties of the disease : the relapsing form（复发型）and the
primary progressive form.In the relapsing form,the disease progresses in a series of jumps;at times it is in
remission（减轻）,which means that a person's normal functions return for a period of time before the sys-
tem goes into relapse and the disease again becomes more active.This is the most common form of MS;
80％～90% of people have this form of the disease when they are first diagnosed. The relapse-remission
cycle can continue for many years.Eventually,however,loss of physical and cognitive functions starts to
take place and the remissions become less frequent.
3 In the primary progressive form of MS,there are no remissions and a continual but steady loss of
physical and cognitive functions takes place.This condition affects about 10％～15% of sufferers at
diagnosis.
4 The expected course of the disease,or prognosis（预后）,depends on many variables:the subtype of
the disease,the patient's individual characteristics and the initial symptoms.Life expectancy of patients,
however,is often nearly the same as that of an unaffected person一provided that a reasonable standard of
care is received.In some cases a near-normal life span is possible.
5 The cause of the disease is unclear ; it seems that some people have a genetic susceptibility（易感
性）,which is triggered by some unknown environmental factor. Onset（发作）of the disease usually occurs in
young adults between the age of 20 and 40.It is more common in women than men;however,it has also
been diagnosed in young children and in elderly people. Paragraph 4__________
A.The Cause of MS
B.The Relapsing Form of MS
C.The Treatment for MS
D.The Primary Progressive Form of MS
E.The Definition of MS
F.The Develonment of MS