试卷详情
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2001年5月TOEFL试题
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[单项选择]Because of various gift-giving holidays, most stores clothing in the United Sates do almost
A
as much business in November and December as they do in the other ten months combined.
B C D
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[单项选择]Cheese may be hard or soft, depending on the amount of water left into it and the character
A B C D
of the cuting.
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[单项选择]The mechanism of human thought and recall, a subject only partly understood by scientists,
A B C
is extraordinary complicated.
D
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[单项选择]Dubbing is used in filmmaking ____ a new sound track to a motion picture.
A. which to add
B. to add
C. is adding that
D. to add while
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[单项选择]Since prehistoric times, artists have arranged paint on surfaces in ways ____ their ideas about people and the world.
A. express
B. that their expression of
C. which, expressing
D. that express
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[单项选择]Neptune is ____ any planet except Pluto.
A. to be far from the Sun
B. far from the Sun being
C. farther than the Sun is
D. farther from the Sun than
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[单项选择] _____ one after another, parallel computers perform groups of operations at the same time.
A. Conventional computers, by handling tasks
B. Since tasks being handled by conventional computers
C. Whereas conventional computers handle tasks
D. While tasks handled by conventional computers
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[单项选择]While the process of photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used
A B
to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and organic compounds.
C D
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[单项选择]The United States National Labor Relations Board is authorized to investigation allegations
A B
of unfair labor practices on the part of either employers or employees.
C D
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[单项选择]The flowering of African American talent in literature, music, and art in the 1920’s in New
A B C
York City became to know as the Harlem Renaissance.
D
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[单项选择]The Navajo Indians of the southwestern United States _____ for their sand painting, also called dry painting.
A. noted
B. are noted
C. to be noted
D. have noted
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[单项选择] Although the huge ice masses _____ glaciers move slowly, they are a powerful erosive force in nature.
A. call them
B. are called
C. to call
D. called
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[简答题]Questions 1-10
In the early 1800’s, over 80 percent of the United States labor force was engaged in agriculture. Sophisticated technology and machinery were virtually nonexistent.
People who lived in the cities and were not directly involved in trade often participatedLine in small cottage industries making handcrafted goods. Others cured meats, silversmiths, candle or otherwise produced needed goods and commodities. Blacksmiths, silversmiths, candle makers, and other artisans worked in their homes or barns, relying on help of family Perhaps no single phenomenon brought more widespread and lasting change to the United States society than the rise of industrialization. Industrial growth hinged on several economic factors. First, industry requires an abundance of natural resources, especially coal, iron ore, water, petroleum, and timber-all readily available on the North American continent. Second, factories demand a large labor supply. Between the 1870’s and the First Worl
A. A.The transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy
B.The inventions that transformed life in the nineteenth century
C.The problems associated with the earliest factories
D.The difficulty of farm life in the nineteenth century
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[单项选择]_____ of green lumber may come from moisture in the wood.
A. More weight than half
B. Of the weight, more than half
C. The weight is more than half
D. More than half of the weight
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[单项选择]The soybean contains vitamins, essential minerals, _____ high percentage of protein.
A. a
B. and a
C. since a
D. of which a
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[单项选择]In 1860, more as 90 percent of the people of Indiana lived rural areas, with only a few cities
A B
having a population exceeding 10,000.
C D
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[单项选择]A fever is caused which blood cells release proteins called pyrogens, raising the body’s
A B C
temperature.
D
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[单项选择]The symptoms of pneumonia, a lung infection, include high fever, chest pain, breathing
A B C
difficult, and coughing.
D
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[简答题]Questions 31-40
Ethology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and itsEvolutionary history. Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the1960’s but has become even more influential today. The origins of ethology can be tracedLine to the work of Darwin. Its modern foundations were laid by two European zoologists, Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen.
Watching the behaviors diverse animal species in their natural habitats, Lorenz, and Tinbergen observed behavior patterns that promote survival. The most well-known of these is imprinting, the carly following behavior of certain baby birds that ensures that the young will stay close to their mother and be fed and protected from danger. Imprinting takes placeduring an early, restricted time period of development. If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead.
A. A.Darwin improved on the original principles of ethology.
B.Darwin was the professor who taught Lorenz and Tinbergen.
C.Darwin’s work provided the basis for ethology.
D.Darwin was the first person to apply ethological theory to children.
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[单项选择]Gravitation keeps the Moon in orbit around Earth and the planets other of the solar system in
A B C
orbit around the Sun.
D
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[单项选择].The carbon-are lamp, a very bright electric lamp used for spotlights, consists of two carbon
A B
electrodes with a high-current are passing between it.
C D
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[单项选择]Humans do not constitute the only species endowed with intelligence: the higher animals
A B C
also have considerably problem-solving abilities.
D
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[单项选择]The globe artichoke was known as a delicacy at least 2,500 years ago, and records of its
A B C
cultivation date from fifteenth century.
D
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[单项选择]In 1784, the leaders of what would later become the state of Virginia gave up ____ to the territory that later became five different Midwestern states.
A. any claim
B. when the claim
C. to claim
D. would claim
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[单项选择]The Liberty Bell, formerly housed in Independence Hall, _____in Philadelphia, was moved to a separate glass pavilion in 1976.
A. which a historic building
B. a historic building which
C. was a historic building
D. a historic building
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[单项选择]After flax is washed, dry, beaten, and combed, fibers are obtained for use in making fabric.
A B C D
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[简答题]Question 11-20
Molting is one of the most involved processes of a bird’s annual life cycle.
Notwithstanding preening and constant care, the marvelously intricate structure of a bird’s Feather inevitably wears out. All adult birds molt their feathers at least once a year, andLine upon close observation, one can recognize the frayed, ragged appearance of feathers that are nearing the end of their useful life. Two distinct processes are involved in molting.
The first step is when the old, worn feather is dropped, or shed. The second is when a newfeather grows in its place. When each feather has been shed and replaced, then the moltcan be said to be complete. This, however, is an abstraction that often does not happen:incomplete, overlapping, and arrested molts are quite common.
Molt requires that a bird find and process enough protein to rebuild approximatelyone-third of its body weight. It is not surprising that a bird in heavy molt often seemslistless and unwell. But far fr
A. A.birds prepare for breeding
B.bird feathers differ from species
C.birds shed and replace their feathers
D.birds are affected by seasonal changes
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[简答题]Question 21-30
The Harlem Renaissance, a movement of the 1920’s, marked the twentieth century’s first period of intense activity by African Americans in the field of literature, art, and music in the United States. The philosophy of the movement combined realism, ethnicLine consciousness, and Americanism. Encouraged by the example of certain Americans of European descent such as Thomas Eakins, Robert Henri, and George Luks, who had included persons of African descent in their paintings as serious studies rather than as trivial or sentimental stereotypes, African American artists of this period set about creating a new portrayal of themselves and their lives in the United States. As they began to strive for social and cultural independence. Their attitudes toward themselves changed,and, to some extent, other segments of American society began to change their attitudes toward them. Thus, thought the Harlem Renaissance was a short-lived movement, its imp
A. A.African American paintings in the 1920’s
B. An arts movement of the 1920’s
C.The influence of Alain Locke on African American art
D.Some ways in which African culture inspired American literature, art and music
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[单项选择]Fossils, traces of dead organisms found in the rocks of Earth’s crust, reveal ____ at the time the rocks were formed.
A. what was like
B. was like life
C. what life was like
D. life was like
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[单项选择]Archaeologists study ____ to trace ancient trade routes because such tools are relatively rare, and each occurrence has a slightly different chemical composition.
A. which obsidian tools
B. obsidian tools
C. how obsidian tools
D. obsidian tools are
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[单项选择]The giant ragweed, or buffalo weed, grows ---.
A. 18 feet up to high
B. to high 18 feet up
C. up to 18 feet high
D. 18 feet high up to
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[单项选择]In 1908 Olive Campbell started writing down folk songs by rural people in the southern
A B C
Appalachian mountains near hers home.
D
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[单项选择]The particles comprising a given cloud are continually changing, as new ones are added
A B
while others are taking away by moving air.
C D
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[单项选择]The rapid grow of Boston during the mid-nineteenth century coincided with a large influx of
A B C
European immigrants.
D
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[简答题]Questions 41-50
There are only a few clues in the rock record about climate in the Proterozoic con.
Much of our information about climate in the more recent periods of geologic historycomes from the fossil record, because we have a reasonably good understanding of
Line the types of environment in which many fossil organisms flourished. The scarce fossilsof the Proterozoic, mostly single-celled bacteria, provide little evidence in this regard.However, the rocks themselves do include the earliest evidence for glaciation, probablya global ice age.
The inference that some types of sedimentary rocks are the result of glacial activity is based on the principle of uniformitarianism, which posits that natural processes nowat work on and within the Earth operated in the same manner in the distant past. Thedeposits associated with present-day glaciers have been well studied, and some of theircharacteristics are quite distinctive. In 2.3-billion-year-old rocks in Canada near LakeHuro
A. A.How patterns in rock layers have been used to construct theories about the climate of the Proterozoic age
B.What some rare fossils indicate about glacial conditions during the late Proterozoic age
C.The varying characteristics of Proterozoic glacial varves in different parts of the world
D.The number of glacial episodes that the Earth has experienced since the Proterozoic age
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[单项选择]The thirteen stripes of the United States flag represent the original thirteen states of the
A B C
Union, which they all were once colonies of Britain.
D
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[单项选择]Except for certain microorganisms, _____ need oxygen to survive.
A. of all living things
B. all living things
C. all are living things
D. are all living things
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[单项选择]_____ the hamster’s basic diet is vegetarian, some hamsters also eat insects.
A. Despite
B. Although
C. Regardless of
D. Consequently
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[单项选择].The Great Potato Famine in Ireland in the 1840’s caused an unprecedented numbers of
A B C
people from Ireland to immigrate to the United States.
D
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[单项选择]The lemur is an unusual animal belonging to the same order than monkey’s and apes.
A B C D
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[单项选择]Many of species of milkweed are among the most dangerous of poisonous plants, while
A B C
others have little, if any, toxicity.
D
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[单项选择]Photograph was revolutionized in 1831 by the introduction of the collodion process for
A B C
making glass negatives.
D
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[单项选择]At first the poems of E.E. Cummings gained notoriety to their idiosyncratic punctuation and
A B
typography, but they have gradually been recognized for their lyric power as well.
C D
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[单项选择].Political parties in the United States help to coordinate the campaigns of their members and
A B
organize the statewide and national conventions that mark election years.
C D
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[单项选择]A gene is a biological unit of information who directs the activity of a cell or organism during
A B C
its lifetime.
D