Text 3
Living standards soared during the twentieth century, and economists expect them to continue rising in the decades ahead. Does that mean that we humans can look forward to increasing happiness
Easterlin admits that richer people are more likely to report themselves as being happier than poorer people are. But steady improvements in the American economy have not been accompanied by steady increases in people’s self-assessments of their own happiness. "There has been not improvement in average happiness in the United States over almost a half century -- a period in which real GDP (gross domestic product) per capital more than doubled," Easterlin reports.
The explanation for this paradox may be that people become less satisfied over time with a given level of income. In Easterlin’s word: "As incomes rise, the aspiration level does too, and the effect of this increase in aspirations is to invalidate the expected growth
A. Easterlin agreed with Maslow.
B. Easterlin's theory contradicts with Maslow's.
C. Easterlin's theory is more popular than Maslow's.
D. Maslow's theory is more popular than Easterlin's.
Text 3
Living standards soared during the twentieth century, and economists expect them to continue rising in the decades ahead. Does that mean that we humans can look forward to increasing happiness
Easterlin admits that richer people are more likely to report themselves as being happier than poorer people are. But steady improvements in the American economy have not been accompanied by steady increases in people’s self-assessments of their own happiness. "There has been not improvement in average happiness in the United States over almost a half century -- a period in which real GDP (gross domestic product) per capital more than doubled," Easterlin reports.
The explanation for this paradox may be that people become less satisfied over time with a given level of income. In Easterlin’s word: "As incomes rise, the aspiration level does too, and the effect of this increase in aspirations is to invalidate the expected growth
A. People's pursue of nonmaterial goals will achieve victory.
B. People's pursue of material goals outweighs that of spiritual goals.
C. People's pursue of material goals will lead people to be humanists.
D. People's pursue of nonmaterial goals is something.
Text 1
At some point during their education, biology students are told about a conversation in a pub that took place over 50 years ago. J. B. S. Haldane, a British geneticist, was asked whether he would lay down his life for his country. After doing a quick calculation on the back of a napkin, he said he would do so for two brothers or eight cousins. In other words, he would die to protect the equivalent of his genetic contribution to the next generation.
The theory of kin selection--the idea that animals can pass on their genes by helping their close relatives--is biology’s explanation for seemingly altruistic acts. An individual carrying genes that promote altruism might be expected to die younger than one with "selfish" genes, and thus to have a reduced contribution to the next generation’s genetic pool But if the same individual acts altruistically to protect its relatives, genes for altruistic behavior might nevertheless propagate
A. to honor his unusual altruistic acts.
B. to show how he contributed to the country.
C. to introduce the topic of human altruism.
D. to give an episode of his calculation abilities.
Text 2
At some point during their education, biology students are told about a conversation in a pub that took place over 50 years ago. J. B. S. Haldane, a British geneticist, was asked whether he would lay down his life for his country. After doing a quick calculation on the back of a napkin, he said he would do so for two brothers or eight cousins. In other words, he would die to protect the equivalent of his genetic contribution to the next generation.
The theory of kin selection--the idea that animals can pass on their genes by helping their close relatives——is biology’s explanation for seemingly altruistic acts. An individual carrying genes that promote altruism might be expected to die younger than one with "selfish" genes, and thus to have a reduced contribution to the next generation’s genetic pool.
But if the same individual acts altruistically to protect its relatives, genes for altruistic behavior might n
A. for the sake of desired reproduction.
B. out of self-interest.
C. on the request of natural selection.
D. because of kind nature.
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