Passage Two
Men have traveled ever since they first appeared on the earth.
In primitive times they did not travel for pleasure but to find new places where their herds could feed, or to escape from hostile neighbors, or to find more favorable climates. They traveled on foot. Their journeys were tong, tiring, and often dangerous. They protected themselves with simple weapons, such as wooden sticks or stone clubs, and by lighting fires at night and, above all, by keeping together.
Being intelligent and creative, they soon discovered easier ways of traveling. They rode on the backs of their domesticated animals; they hollowed Out tree trunks and,’ by using bits of wood as paddles, were able to travel across water.
Later they traveled, not from necessity, but for the joy and excitement of seeing and experiencing new things, This is still the main reason why we travel today.
Traveling, of course, has now become a highly organized bu
A. they could travel by wagons
B. they could ride on their tame animals and go across water in hollowed tree trunks
C. the roads were splendid
D. the climates were favorable
Passage Four
Ever since humans have live on the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, however, cannot.
Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink can be a way of indicating that the part is only joking. A nod signifies approval I while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.
Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille ( a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals,
A. 5.
B. 7.
C. 9.
D. 3.
Text 2
Ever since John Burrows and his wife Carol opened their first hair salon in 1983, they have been taking on apprentices.
"In my generation, an apprenticeship was the way to learn a trade so it was the obvious way for us to get the skilled staff we needed," Mr. Burrows says.
Today, the Burrows’ salon, Upper Cut in Weston-super-Mare, employs 35 people. Of the 16 stylists, 13 progressed through apprenticeships and Mr. Burrows believes a strong culture of training is integral to the company’s success.
"Without the apprenticeships scheme our business wouldn’t be anything like the size it is today," Mr. Burrows says. The high-quality training the apprenticeships provide guarantees growth. The more skills staff have, the more effective a business will become.
Although Mr. Burrows is an advocate of the scheme, he concedes that occasionally he has suffered problems.
They have experienced epi
A. is the only way to begin a career in his generation.
B. can help him find the qualified staff he wanted.
C. is the most important factor to the company's success.
D. secures his business to confront no problems all along.
Ever since AL Gore invented it, the Internet has been a paradise for those with a creative attitude to facts. Students, for example, commission and sell essays with such ease there that online "paper mills" devoted to this trade are one of the few dotcom business models still thriving. With a few clicks of a mouse, a student can contract out any academic chore to "research" sites such as Gradersaver. com or the Evil House of Cheating.
One market opportunity, however, frequently creates another. The past few months have seen a rapid rise in interest in software designed to catch the cheats. The subscriber base of Turnitin, a leading anti-plagiarism software house based in Oakland, California, has risen by 25% since the beginning of the year. Around 150,000 students in America alone are under its beady electronic eye. And in Britain, the Joint Information Systems Committee, the unit responsible for advising the country’s universities on information
A. students in good universities as Duke; Rutgers and Cornell
B. students in top universities as Princeton, Yale and Stanford
C. students who can use the anti-plagiarism software
D. students who need to compile academic paper
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