[单项选择]Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A. A book publisher.
B. A company manager.
C. A magazine editor.
D. A school principal.

[单项选择]Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
A. Some training experience.
B. A happy family.
C. Russian assistants’ help.
D. A good memory.

[单项选择]Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
A. Economic questions.
B. Routine questions.
C. Academic questions.
D. Challenging questions.

[单项选择]

The following two questions are based on the following passage:
An automaker is facing financial difficulties. The vice president of marketing has determined that the root of the company’s problems is low brand loyalty. The vice president proposes, therefore, that the company begin an aggressive advertising campaign focused on children aged from three to eight years. By securing strong brand recognition with this demographic, he argues, the company will have an advantage when these customers reach an age when they can buy cars.

Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest support for the vice president’s proposal ？（）
A. Federal law prohibits the advertising of alcohol or tobacco on any medium for which the primary audience is under 21 years of age.
B. Children aged three to eight, even if they had the money to purchase a car, will not legally be able to drive one for several years.
C. The cost of advertising on children’s programs is comparable to the cost of advertising on adult special-interest programs.
D. Focus groups have consistently observed that the automaker’s brand is associated with "tradition" and "older" drivers.
E. Studies have shown that lifelong customers of certain products, such as particular brands of toothpaste or peanut butter, frequently credit their brand loyalty to exposure to the product at an early age.

[单项选择] Questions 18-20 based on the following dialogue between friends about their family. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 18-20.What does the professor tell her students to do
A. Transfer to the introductory class.
B. Write an essay about vitalism and mechanism.
C. Take an article home and read it.
D. Decide whether they are mechanists or vitalists.

[填空题]Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. It is well known that some cultures prefer sons to daughters. In contrast, surveys have revealed that some people would rather have a daughter than a son. Apparently, each of these preference has its explanation in the local culture . Around the world , people who prefer sons have similar reasons .In many countries , sons are valued because they can work and contribute to the family income . Also , sons will be able to support their parents when the parents are old . In some cultures , sons are important because they enable the family name to continue for another generation . This is because the wife in these cultures takes her husband’s family name , and more or less “belongs ”to the husband’s family . In addition , having a daughter can sometimes cause difficult for a family . In India , for example , h