Most people would be impressed by the
high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is a lot of
specialization, a great deal of attention to the individual, a vast amount of
advanced technical equipment, and intense effort not to make mistakes because of
the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they
handle things badly.
But the Americans are in a mess. The
problem is the way in which health care is organized and financed. Contrary to
public belief, it is not just a free competition system. To the private system
has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not
looking after the less fortunate and the elderly.
But even with
this huge public part of the system, which this year will eat up 84.5 billion
dollars—more than 10 percent of the U.S. budget—large
A. occasional mistakes by careless doctors
B. a great deal of personal attention
C. low charge by doctors and hospitals
D. stacking nurses and bad services
[单项选择]
Passage Three
Most Americans today have some insurance against long-term illness or injury, or the death of the family wage-earner. Nearly all who work, including the self-employed, are covered by retirement programs. Four out of five employees now have access to unemployment benefits.
The Social Security law, which covers more than 90 percent of the work force, provides a national system of payments in old age and disability benefits. Over the years the law has been broadened’ to give greater protection in all categories.
The Social Security system is financed through a tax paid by workers and their employers during the years of employment. Self-employed persons, who also pay into the system, are covered as well. When workers retire at age 65, they receive monthly payments on a scale to their previous earnings; reduced benefits am paid to those retiring at ages 62 through 64. Benefits are also paid to nonworking widows and widowers, to childr
A. the Social Security law
B. the social security and insurance system
C. unemployment insurance
D. retirement benefits
[填空题]The three most important issues of concern to citizens today are prison reform, abusing children, and toxic waste.- A.of concern
- B.prison reform
- C.abusing children
- D.waste
[填空题]The three most important issues (of concern) to citizens today are (prison reform), (abusing children), and toxic (waste). - A. of concern
- B. prison reform
- C. abusing children
- D. waste
[填空题]The last two questions were difficult to most of the students.
Only ______ students could answer the last two questions.
[单项选择] Passage Two
There are three trends most widely
blamed for causing environmental problems—population growth, urbanization and
industrialization.
The world’s population is increasing by
around 85 million every year—the equivalent of, say, another Mexico. The pace of
growth has come down a little since the 1960s, but according to United Nations
projections it remains fast enough to push the world’s population above 9
billion, from around 6 billion today. Most of that growth will be in developing
countries. The population explosion of the past few decades has been due to a
happy trend: a dramatic rise in life expectancy (平均寿命), thanks in part to the
spread of modern medicines and better sanitation. But, say environmentalists,
the world’s Supply of natural resources is finite, and in some regions
particular resources are already scarce (water in
A. a scarcity of farm jobs
B. the hope of better jobs and life
C. discriminating economic policies
D. both A and B
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