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{{B}}TEXT E{{/B}}

Early in the sixteenth century, Francis Bacon proposed that science consisted in the elevation of the authority of experiment and observation over that of reason, intuition, and convention. Bacon thought that as more and more reliable and precise particular facts accumulate, they can be classified and generalized, resulting in an ever-expanding hierarchy of useful "axioms". This is what he meant by "induction".
Although many people today continue to regard the collection of facts and their arrangement by induction into theories as the heart of scientific method, Bacon’s conception of what facts and theories are and of the relationship between them was hopelessly unrealistic even in his own time. The most important early scientific discoveries---such as those made by Galileo about the movement of the earth, by Keppler about the elliptical shape of planetary orbits, and later by Newton about the "force" of grav
A. by subjecting theories to rigorous logical analysis
B. not through political religious dogmas but through reason
C. by observation alone
D. through the inductive method

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{{B}}TEXT E{{/B}}

Early in the sixteenth century, Francis Bacon proposed that science consisted in the elevation of the authority of experiment and observation over that of reason, intuition, and convention. Bacon thought that as more and more reliable and precise particular facts accumulate, they can be classified and generalized, resulting in an ever-expanding hierarchy of useful "axioms". This is what he meant by "induction".
Although many people today continue to regard the collection of facts and their arrangement by induction into theories as the heart of scientific method, Bacon’s conception of what facts and theories are and of the relationship between them was hopelessly unrealistic even in his own time. The most important early scientific discoveries---such as those made by Galileo about the movement of the earth, by Keppler about the elliptical shape of planetary orbits, and later by Newton about the "force" of grav
A. are determined by observations
B. can only be understood through logical reasoning
C. have a hierarchy
D. are gathered by illiterate assistants

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[单项选择]{{B}}TEXT B{{/B}}

The nineteenth century brought about the greatest expansion of wealth the world had ever known. Its sources lay in the industrialisation of Europe and the techniques for assuring the continuance of this growth were by no means exhausted or compromised in 1900. There had not only been a vast and accelerating flow of commodities available only in (relatively) tiny quantities a century before, but whole new ranges of goods had come into existence. Oil and electricity had joined coal, wood, wind and water as sources of energy. A chemical industry existed which could not have been envisaged in 1800. Growing power and wealth had been used to tap seemingly inexhaustible natural resources, both agricultural and mineral. Railways, electric trams, steamships, motor cars and bicycles gave mil-lions of men a new control over their environment;
A. after 1900
B. before 1900
C. in about 1800
D. in about 1900

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[单项选择]{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}}

In the 18th century, New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston. Today it is the largest city in America. How to explain the change in its size and importance
To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography, history and economies. Together these three will explain the huge growth of America’s most famous city.
The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily-populated areas in this region are around seaports. At these points materials from across the sea enter America, and the products of the land are sent there for export across the sea.
Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into completed goods. That is why seaports often have cities nearby. But cities like New York needed more than their geographical loc
A. The Development of Transportation in New York.
B. Exports and Imports of New York.
C. How New York Became America’s Largest City
D. How New York Exchanged with Europe

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{{B}}TEXT B{{/B}}

Countries at all levels of economic development face a similar challenge: to make their industries competitive in an increasingly integrated global economy. Despite sharing the same overall goal, though, countries face distinctive geographical issues in ensuring that their industries compete effectively. Industries in relatively developed countries must protect their markets from new competitors. Countries once governed or still governed by communist parties must prepare their industries to compete in a global market-driven economy. Developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America must identify new markets and sources of revenue to generate industrial growth.
Competition among blocs Industrial competition in the relatively developed world increasingly takes place among blocs of countries. Countries within three groups—North America, Western Europe, and East Asia—cooperate more extensively with each o
A. hinder foreign companies from selling in Japan
B. promote selling in Japan
C. maintain balanced trade with other countries
D. operate factories in other countries

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{{B}}TEXT E{{/B}}

{{B}}Primary Colors{{/B}}
The movie Primary Colors is about a grey-haired, gravel-voiced, doughnut-loving governor from a Southern American state who is running in a US presidential campaign. He has a colourful past that is in danger of grabbing frontpage deadlines and a no-nonsense lawyer wife, whose accent would be right at home in a prestigious Chicago law school. The similarities with President Bill Clinton and his wife Hillary seem hard to ignore.
The book Primary Colors, published under the byline "Anonymous", became best-seller when it came out not long after the 1992 American presidential election in which Clinton was elected to the White House. It appeared to be a thinly veiled account of what happened during that campaign. But Mike Nichols, the director of P
A. It was merely imitating life.
B. It was too much of politics.
C. It was merely fictional.
D. It was too much of entertainment.

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