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The following two questions are based on the following passage:
A study by a group of dentists has concluded that regular use of a certain brand of mouthwash is as effective as flossing in preventing gum disease. The mouthwash company has released a television ad suggesting that people who do not like flossing can now rely solely on mouthwash and brushing to maintain good dental health. A leading manufacturer of dental floss brought a lawsuit against the mouthwash company demanding that the advertisement be discontinued on the grounds that it is misleading.
An electrical appliance company has submitted a new model of washing machine for stress and durability testing. After the conventional round of tests, 26 of the 90 machines tested no longer functioned. Observing these results, the company determined that the washing machine model was acceptable for the consumer market.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the company’s deci
A. When the number one rated washing machine was submitted for stress and durability testing, 96 out of 100 machines were still functioning at the end of the test.
B. Because of the extreme stress of the testing process, any model that has more than two-thirds of its machines functioning at the end of the test process is considered sufficiently durable for the consumer market.
C. Most consumers will tolerate a washing machine that functions only 64 times out of 90 attempts.
D. Although the model tested is less durable than other models on the market, its projected price is considerably lower than that of the most durable models.
E. The electrical failure that brought down most of the 26 washing machines that ceased functioning could probably be avoided if the machine were redesigned.

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The following two questions are based on the following passage:
An automaker is facing financial difficulties. The vice president of marketing has determined that the root of the company’s problems is low brand loyalty. The vice president proposes, therefore, that the company begin an aggressive advertising campaign focused on children aged from three to eight years. By securing strong brand recognition with this demographic, he argues, the company will have an advantage when these customers reach an age when they can buy cars.

Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest support for the vice president’s proposal ？（）
A. Federal law prohibits the advertising of alcohol or tobacco on any medium for which the primary audience is under 21 years of age.
B. Children aged three to eight, even if they had the money to purchase a car, will not legally be able to drive one for several years.
C. The cost of advertising on children’s programs is comparable to the cost of advertising on adult special-interest programs.
D. Focus groups have consistently observed that the automaker’s brand is associated with "tradition" and "older" drivers.
E. Studies have shown that lifelong customers of certain products, such as particular brands of toothpaste or peanut butter, frequently credit their brand loyalty to exposure to the product at an early age.

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Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare. And yet, city life isn’t easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. (78) After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it’s long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprising
A. The city inspires talented people.
B. The city hurts your brain.
C. The city has many pleasures and benefits.
D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.

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[单项选择]{{I}} Questions 27 to 29 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.{{/I}}What did the Americans do with their resolution
A. They insisted on it.
B. They reworded it.
C. They submitted it again.
D. They gave it up.

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[单项选择]{{I}} Questions 25 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given l0 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news.{{/I}}How many people lived in extreme poverty in sub-Saharan Africa in 1981
A. 37% of all the people there.
B. 42% of all the people there.
C. 45% of all the people there.
D. 47% of all the people there.

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[单项选择]{{I}} Questions 23 to 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. {{/I}}Why did Israeli soldiers carry out military actions
A. To seal off the Old City.
B. To ensure security in Nablus.
C. To search for suspected militants.
D. To take over more areas.

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[单项选择]{{I}} Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage.{{/I}}Some experts believe that
A. cats have a natural clock inside them
B. people can live better by taking naps
C. people should learn from cats
D. famous people are all known for their energy

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[单项选择]{{I}} Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the passage. {{/I}}Why is universal education considered important
A. The educated can make good decisions in voting.
B. There are class distinctions in the U. S.
C. Only educated people can become rich.
D. People are created with equal opportunities.

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